This is an index of all references made to issues of disarmament, peace, and security, made in the 58th General Debate of the United Nations General Assembly from 23 September–3 October 2003. Included in this index are all references made to arms control, disarmament, multilateralism, nuclear energy, security, proliferation, the arms trade, and nuclear and conventional weapons.

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Afghanistan
H.E. Mr. Hâmid Karzai, President
September 23, 2003

Conventional Arms: “Like any post-war society, the need for security and removing the threat of arms and armed factions is a compelling issue for all Afghans. Our people demand the establishment of truly national and competent institutions, notably the Army and the Police. Afghans want state institutions that are professional and representative; and an administration that is efficient and free of corruption. The Afghan people want tolerance for other religions, protection of human rights, and affirmative actions to promote the rights of women.”

Conventional Disarmament: “After an arduous process of restructuring, we have just completed the Reform of the Ministry of Defense. This step is now paving the way for the implementation of the nation-wide programme on Disarmament, Demobilisation and Re-integration (DDR) which will begin in earnest in mid October with assistance from Japan.”

Terrorism: “The struggle against production and trafficking of narcotics continues. We see a direct connection between narcotics and terrorism, and it is our absolute national interest to fight both. Both are transnational challenges. We in the region and in the international community must make the strategic decision, in the spirit of true partnership, to fight both menaces.”

"…While achievements are significant, and challenges inevitable, today in this grand forum, I point to what can potentially amount to a critical threat, the ongoing threat of terrorism. The crisis in Afghanistan may well be over, but the forces of violence are still looming. Embodied in various manifestations, from cross-border militant infiltrations to hateful teachings at places disguised as madrassas, terrorism continues to make inroads into the space of peace and prosperity which we want to secure for our nation.

Albania
H.E. Mr. Alfred Moisiu, President
September 25, 2003

Terrorism and WMD: “Albania did not hesitate to join the US-led coalition against international terrorism. Albania has hitherto signed up twelve international Conventions and Protocols on the war against terrorism. It is working closely with the neighboring countries, other countries at large and with international bodies with a view to doing away with the sources that could possibly nourish various forms of terrorism.

"We underscore the need for vigilance, coordination and reaction in face of the present threats posed by possession of weapons of mass destruction. These weapons, be it chemical, biological or nuclear, become even more dangerous in the hands of terrorists.”

Algeria
H.E. Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President
September 24, 2003

Terrorism: “Among the challenges faced by the international community, I will dwell with terrorism first, because preventing and combating terrorism still require a high level of vigilance, mobilization and multifaceted cooperation at the national, regional and international levels. At the risk of repeating ourselves, we will continue to warn against all misconceptions and the tendentious association of terrorism with a religion, a civilization, or a geographical area. Equally, we need to agree upon an accurate definition of terrorism so as not to affect liberation struggles and the legitimate right of peoples to self-determination. Such a clarification should be brought forward as part of the draft global convention against terrorism currently on the international agenda. Launching a genuine dialogue among cultures and civilizations will help, on its part, the rapprochement and understanding among peoples, by combating prejudice and narrow-minded perceptions.”

Andorra
H.E. Mr. Marc Forné Molné, Prime Minister
September 25, 2003

Arms spenditures: “Many things have happened since those days and Andorra doesn't even put four dollars and fifty cents towards'its defense budget. We don't spend a cent.

"With what is squandered in new and old weapons, the whole of mankind could live correctly. We could eliminate illness. Education and culture would be made available for all. This way we could end fanaticism, and all those who abuse the ignorance of the people, would end up with no victims nor lackeys.”

Nuclear weapons: “And perhaps most dangerously, nuclear weapons threaten the life of everyone on the planet. All of these calamities, here already or forecast, demand international cooperation if we are to survive.”

Angola
H.E. Dr. Joao Bernardo De Miranda, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 26, 2003

Conventional weapons proliferation: "The prevalence of conflicts in Africa is a result not only of the divisions inherited from the post-colonial period and the cold war or of ethnic and religious differences. It is also a consequence of factors such as the fragility of national institutions, the marginalization of the African Continent from the world economy, the illegal exploitation of natural resources and the consequent arms proliferation and the weak monitoring of national borders."

International Security: "We urgently need to have an integrated system capable of dealing effectively with the major threats to the to international stability in the onset of this 21st century, specifically terrorism and international organized crime; weapons of mass destruction; the internal conflicts, which unfortunately still plague our continent in particular; generalized poverty and HIV/AIDS."

Terrorism: "Terrorism is today the most direct threat to the security of our countries, as one can conclude from the attacks that in the last two years killed thousands of civilians in the United States, in Russia, in Africa and in Asia."

Antigua and Barbuda
H.E. Dr. Patrick A. Lewis, Ambassador
October 1, 2003

Disarmament and non-proliferation: "…We continue to press for the revitalisation of the process of disarmament, nonproliferation of nuclear weapons, and general arms control."

Argentina
H.E. Dr. Néstor Carlos, President
September 25, 2003

Terrorism: “Hunger, illiteracy, exclusion and ignorance are some of the basic ingredients that breed conditions for the proliferation of international terrorism or for the development of dramatic mass processes of true national migration, which have a resulting cultural, social and economic impact and, as an inevitable consequence, the impairment of the value of security for central countries.”

Armenia
H.E. Mr. Vartan Oskanian, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 25, 2003

Terrorism: “It is ironic and in many ways lamentable that the evil of terrorism is what has caused us to rally together. We are fully aware that no single government can effectively fight this danger alone. Unfortunately, the necessity for coherent measures and cooperation at national, regional and international levels is often stalled, as for example in our region, where a common threat that knows no borders is not only being addressed individually and in isolation, but also exploited for political reasons.”

World peace/UN reform: “This General Assembly has the chance to go down in history as not an undermined, inadequate but well-meaning giant, but as a viable instrument of world peace. The Secretary General's goals, from UN budget and financing reform to recomposing and enlarging the Security Council - are the building blocks of the relevant, responsive, comprehending world forum for international cooperation that the UN can be. We applaud his decision to empower a commission to give concrete form to the wishes of many.”

Australia
H.E. Alexander Downer, MP, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 24, 2003

International disarmament regime: “The major global disarmament and non-proliferation treaties remain critical to setting norms of international order. But ultimately those instruments must be enforced. States are not merely entitled but obliged to take action to uphold those norms, especially when the transfer of WMD outside internationally agreed frameworks is involved. The conviction that States must uphold international norms, particularly in relation to WMD, led Australia to join the coalition to disarm Iraq, in the same way that we have recently joined with others in the Proliferation Security Initiative.”

Virtues and limits to multilateralism: “In confronting these challenges - such as security, governance, poverty, terrorism and pandemics - collective action is likely to yield the best results, since not even the most powerful among us can bear the burden alone.

"The virtues of collective action are self-evident. But collectivism ought not serve as a mantra which is an obstacle to effective action. Sometimes the most effective means of preserving security, and indeed international law, occur alongside the traditional mechanisms of multilateral diplomacy. Australia is a strong supporter of multilateral institutions and processes, but only insofar as they are a means to an effective end.”

Terrorism: “Despite the war on terror - a war we are winning - terrorism continues to be a scourge to which neither age, nationality, religion, or political affiliation provides immunity. It takes a considerable act of imaginative engagement to see these new forms of nihilism for what they really are. They are a negation of civilization and the discourse that sustains it.

"…We cannot allow terrorists to succeed in determining the course of world events. We must overwhelm their efforts to disrupt global security and prosperity, to undermine democratic countries or destabilize nation-building.

"…Australia has built with its neighbors a network of bilateral counter-terrorism arrangements. These enhance practical, operational-level liaison between regional security, intelligence and law enforcement agencies that have seen terror attacks prevented, networks disrupted and terrorists arrested.”

Terrorism and Weapons of Mass Destruction: “Terrorism has also created a new urgency in solving a more familiar problem-the proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction. Efforts by rogue states to develop and traffic in WMD materials underpin the priority we give to non-proliferation. The possibility that WMD might fall into the hands of terrorists makes it an absolute imperative.

"Terrorism and proliferation do not occur in a vacuum, except of course a moral vacuum. It is no longer open to us to ignore the failed states which have become their incubators or the trans-national crime on which they depend. The promotion of good governance and democratization are imperatives both morally and pragmatically. They have become preconditions for international security.”

Austria
H.E. Dr. Benita Ferrero-Waldner, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 25, 2003

Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: “Also, the Conference on Facilitating the Entry into Force of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test Ban Treaty, which I had the honor to open on September 3, appealed in its final declaration to all States to sign and ratify, in particular to those 12 countries whose ratification is required for the Treaty's entry into force. Let me repeat and support this appeal!”

Conventional weapons and landmines: “To mention one more soft threat that all too frequently turns into hard facts, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons, antipersonnel landmines and unexploded ordnances; they kill millions every year. Austria is honored to take the chair of the first review conference of the landmine ban treaty to be held in 2004 in Nairobi.”

Missiles: “As a practical contribution to this cause Austria has agreed to serve as immediate central contact for the 109 subscriber states of the Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation.”

Non-proliferation: “In the field of non-proliferation the work of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the leadership of Director General Mohamed el Baradei are essential. Last week's General Conference of the IAEA unanimously endorsed the necessity of strengthening the international nuclear safeguards system. Recent issues of compliance concerning Iran and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea have again shown the central role the IAEA.”

Terrorism: “United Nations leadership is needed more than ever to prevent and combat terrorism globally. In the UN system-wide division of labor, the Vienna based Terrorism Prevention Branch of the Office of Drugs and Crime contributes to the counter-terrorism efforts and offers valuable technical assistance to states in signing, ratifying and implementing the international conventions and protocols related to terrorism.”

" …Let us remind ourselves that the all-important fight against terrorism must not entail a lessening of hard fought-for human rights standards.”

Weapons of Mass Destruction: “Another hard threat to international security is the proliferation of arms, in particular the spread of weapons of mass destruction. What is needed is obvious: the strengthening and universalization of existing disarmament and non-proliferation control as well as of export control regimes.”

Azerbaijan
H.E. Mr. Ilham Aliyev, Prime Minister
September 24, 2003

Terrorism and Non-proliferation: “In the circumstances of the increased threat of terrorists' access to nuclear materials and technology, non-proliferation issues acquire special significance. Azerbaijan, being itself located in the region with increased nuclear threat, is particularly sensitive to this issue.”

Terrorism and the Use of Force: “While carrying out the comprehensive struggle against terror and resolving conflicts on the basis of principles and norms of international law the international community should decisively resort to force. This is the only effective way of restoring justice and ensuring the rule of law.”

Bahamas
H.E. Frederick A. Mitchell, Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Public Service
October 1, 2003

Small and light weapons: "…For many of us in the Caribbean in particular, this security is being undermined by the activities of those trafficking in illegal drugs and weapons. By virtue of its geographical location, The Bahamas continues to be an unwitting transit point for illegal activities, including the illicit trade in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. What is often overlooked by those who are the consuming countries is that The Bahamas neither produces these substances, nor is it the final destination for them. However, as a transhipment point, The Bahamas is suffering from a plethora of illegal activities associated with this trade, including the deadly nexus between illicit drugs and the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons. These weapons, which are illegal in The Bahamas, are contributing to an increase in violent crime in my country, and they are undermining the economic and social fabric of our nation. We therefore welcome the convening of the First Biennial Meeting of States to review implementation of the Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects, held in July of this year. At the same time, we call on developed countries to take the same extraordinary measures they use in seeking to stop drug trafficking into their countries, to stop illegal small arms from reaching our shores from their countries."

Bahrain
H.E. Shaikh Mohammed bin Mubarak Al-Khalifa, Deputy Prime Minister
September 26, 2003

Disarmament: "The ongoing efforts of the international community and the United Nations to eliminate nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction, as set out in the various conventions and international instruments designed to secure these goals and achieve transparency and inspection of all nuclear activities, must be applied to all parties concerned, without exception. This vital demand has consistently been put forward in international fora by the Kingdom of Bahrain and other Arab and regional countries, so as to prevent the spread of weapons of mass destruction, and to spare the Middle East their dangers by declaring the region free of such weapons."

Terrorism: "Combating terrorism has become an international obligation in accordance with the United Nations' commitment to respecting human rights, foremost of which are the rights to life and security.

"Accordingly, Bahrain has backed all international and regional efforts to combat this dangerous scourge, which threatens us all and whose effects can be felt around the world.”

Bangladesh
H.E. M. Morshed Khan, Foreign Minister
September 29, 2003

Disarmament: "Bangladesh attaches great emphasis on disarmament We believe that it is closely related to international peace and security. We also believe that it has a direct relationship with development. Bangladesh is party to all international disarmament treaties covering nuclear, biological, chemical and conventional weapons. Seeking general and complete disarmament is our Constitutional commitment. International peace and security, human security and the security of our planet have been the prime considerations in making our policy choices.

"We have supported all efforts at disarmament. We continue to believe in the value of all measures, even partial at arms control and disarmament. Our conviction has been vindicated by the progress in the control and ban of a number of weapons. The multilateral track including the Conference on Disarmament needs to be revived."

Terrorism: "International terrorism remains a scourge. In the post -September 11 context, it has taken centre-stage of our global concerns. We reiterate our unequivocal condemnation of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. Bangladesh is party to several international conventions on combating terrorism. We are processing accession to the remaining. We are actively involved in the elaboration of an Additional Protocol to the SAARC Regional Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism. It will strengthen the Convention by incorporating provisions including those contained in the recent Security Council resolutions, in particular resolution 1373."

WMD: "Bangladesh has renounced all Weapons of Mass Destruction - Biological, Chemical and Nuclear. The situation along the borders of the two nuclear-armed South Asian countries has been a matter of global concern. As a close neighbour, we too have a legitimate cause for concern. In this context, we applaud the Secretary-General for his recent call for elimination of all nuclear weapons. The imperatives, in view also of the threats to the existing regimes and their implications do not require elaboration in this House. We would thus urge a renewed consideration of the ICJ opinion and the report of the Canberra Commission."

Barbados
H.E. The Honorable Billie Miller, Senior Minister
September 26, 2003

Radiological materials and terrorism: "The issue relating to the passage through the Caribbean Sea of ships bearing nuclear material is still unresolved. We are, from time to time, presented with studies and analyses that seek to assure us of the safety of the ships and their cargo. Despite these assurances we all know that there is no guarantee that international terrorism will continue to ignore such a significant target or that that unthinkable accident would not occur. A major explosion on board one of these ships traversing our region would threaten the survival of surrounding States. The most acceptable solution to the problem is cessation of the transhipment of nuclear material through the Caribbean Sea since, on this issue, any risk is too high."

Belarus
H.E. Sergei Martynov, Minister of Foreign Affairs
October 1, 2003

Nuclear non-proliferation: "Belarus’ principal contribution to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and to conventional disarmament has been universally recognized. The greater is then the concern we feel in connection with a gradual erosion of multilateral norms in disarmament and stagnation in international bodies, above all negotiation mechanisms, in charge of international security and disarmament.

"We share the appeal not to allow the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. This is a most important task. It should be noted, that for many years, Belarus has also initiated efforts not to allow new types of such weapons to appear.

"…A proper answer to this question would be ratification by all permanent members of the Security Council of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.

"The activities of multilateral bodies in the area of disarmament should be adapted to new realities. We proceed from the assumption that the United Nations should draw a clear-cut list of priority directions in ensuring international security and generate programs to overcome real threats to mankind. Formulations of resolutions should contain clear directives to existing fora and structures in the area of international security, arms control, non-proliferation and disarmament."

Belgium
H.E. Mr. Louis Michel, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 23, 2003

International Peace and Security: “Indeed, the past year has gravely challenged the capacities of the United Nations to manage until the very end the crisis in Iraq, a crisis for which it was accountable. It saw the role of international peace and security keeping that this institution, symbol of multilateralism and stability, regards as pre-eminent being put into question…How can we make it possible for all Member States of the United Nations to become ready and able to accept the intangible nature of the Security Council's endorsement before engaging in military action?”

Belize
H.E. The Honourable Godfrey Smith, Attorney-General
September 30, 2003

Multilateralism: "Above all, let us not give up what it has cost us so much time and effort, so much blood, to bring to a modest but important stage, our multilateral system.

"All civilized nations would surely agree to this plea rather than plunge the world into barbarism.

"Multilateralism or Chaos!"

Terrorism: "In a world riddled with fear and dominated by terrorism, including State terrorism, weneed to concentrate on what needs to be done to save our humanity."

Benin
Bhutan
H.E. Lyonpo Khandu Wangchuk, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 30, 2003

International Security: "It is clear that international peace and security and eradication of poverty remain the most pressing challenges confronting the international community. What must be recognized is the undeniable but often overlooked fact that these overarching goals are inter-linked and cannot be achieved in isolation. There can be no prosperity without peace and security. At the same time, peace and security cannot be sustained if billions are deprived of the basic necessities of life. Our collective resolve to combat the menace of terrorism must be matched with an equal commitment to eradicate the scourge of poverty that afflicts more than half the world's population."

Bolivia
H.E. Mr. Carlos D. Mesa Gisbert, Vice President
September 24, 2003

Landmines: “The issue of anti-personal mines is a very sensitive one for Bolivia, not only due to mere principles inasmuch as these lethal artifacts continue ending or irreversibly damaging human lives all over the world, but also because such mines have been planted along our borders. We vehemently request the governments responsible for planting these mines to continue their destruction and prompt removal until the areas involved are totally free of mines.”

Terrorism: “Today, I take this opportunity to express on behalf of the people of Bolivia and my Government, our sorrow and solidarity in the face of the terrorist attack against the Office of the United Nations in Baghdad, that once again demonstrates the intolerance and lack of understanding of a peacekeeping mission, that is the only possible path in search of the solution of conflicts. This attempt strengthens our resolve to fight ceaselessly against terrorism in any of its forms, and at the same time shows us the need to support the joint efforts of the nations of the world with policies debated and approved at the United Nations; inasmuch as this organization and related organisms are a fundamental forum where our voice and that of all countries can be heard.”

Bosnia and Herzegovina
H.E. Dr. Dragan Covic, Chairman of Presidency
September 29, 2003

Proliferation of WMD: "Fully aware of all the global challenges that lay in our path, we must ready ourselves for a long and exhausting struggle, step by step and one at the time, for reduction of poverty, development of undeveloped, against the evil of terrorism and organized crime, against the proliferation of the Weapons of Mass Destruction, regardless of where the battle should take place."

Botswana
H.E. The Hon. Lt. General Mompati Sebogodi Merafhe, Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
September 26, 2003

Terrorism: "Terrorism, like poverty, is now the biggest threat to civilized norms of international discourse.

"…We believe that United Nations must be empowered to play a pivotal role to mobilize international consensus around measures to curb the scourge of terrorism. In this respect, Botswana remains ready to cooperate in any way possible with relevant U.N. agencies."

Brazil
H.E. Mr. Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, President
23 September 2003

International Security: “Brazil believes it has a useful contribution to make. It seeks not to advance an exclusive conception of international security- but rather to give expression to the perceptions and aspirations of a region that today is a hallmark of peaceful co-existence among its members and that it is a force for international stability.”

Terrorism: “The true path to peace is to fight hunger and extreme poverty without truce, in a campaign of solidarity that unites the planet rather than by deepening the divisions and the hatred that inflames people and sows terror.”

Weapons of Mass Destruction: “There is a commendable willingness today to adopt more effective measures to deal with terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, and organized crime.”

World peace: “True peace will bloom from democracy, from respect for international law, from dismantling of deadly weapons arsenals and, above all, from the final eradication of hunger.”

Brunei Darussalam
His Royal Highness Prince Mohamed Bolkiah, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 30, 2003

Multilateralism: "The second [principle to which we committed ourselves] was multilateral decision-making and, in turn, all that this alsoimplies: respect for fellow members; sensitivity towards their deep concerns and the need for dialogue and consultation as equal partners in the conduct of international affairs, no matter how long and how frustrating the process involved.

"On the one hand, the great world institutions are technically multilateral. They are run by the governments of the world. Yet, in fact, many of these governments feel excluded from the most important decisions and beyond them, many interested parties feel that they are also on the outside.

"Multilateralism, in other words, appears to have its limits. Beyond them, it seems, the stronger nations take over. This basic division, we hope, Mr. President, can be brought to an end."

Bulgaria (French only)
H.E. Simeon de Saxe-Cobourg, Prime Minister
September 30, 2003

Terrorism: "…C'est la fonction même du Comité du Conseil de sécurité contre le terrorisme qui ne serait vraiment performant qu'en s'appuyant sur les organisations régionales et sous-régionales. Il s'agit de créer un véritable réseau global d'action contre le terrorisme où un rôle de tout premier plan revient naturellement à l'Union européenne, à l'O.T.A.N. et à l'Organisation pour la sécurité et la coopération en Europe. A mon avis, il est important que tous les Etats membres de l'O.N.U. signent et ratifient le plus rapidement possible les 12 conventions relatives à la lutte contre le terrorisme comme l'a fait la République de Bulgarie, sans oublier pourtant de se pencher sur l'origine, voire les causes de ces actes désespérés."

Burkina Faso (French only)
H.E. Mr. Blaise Compaoré, President
September 25, 2003

Terrorism: “Etant donné la complexité du phénomène et l'immensité des obstacles à surmonter, la seule action qui vaille est d'opposer une riposte collective à ce qui est aujourd'hui une menace collective. Dans ce combat titanesque, il va de soi que Ie Burkina Faso se trouve du côté de la civilisation contre la barbarie. Il en a fait le serment, en souscrivant sans ambages aux mesures anti-terroristes édictées par l'ONU, en particulier les résolutions pertinentes du Conseil de Sécurité.“

Burundi
Cambodia
H.E. Mr. Hor Namhong, Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
September 30, 2003

Disarmament: "One possibility for the situation in the Korean peninsula to move ahead positively, I would argue, is to negotiate a roadmap for a nuclear-free and secure Korean peninsula. If this can proceed, I believe that the steps toward normalization of the situation in the Korean peninsula are within our reach."

Cameroon

Canada
H.E. Mr. Jean Chrètien, Prime Minister
September 23, 2003

Proliferation of WMD: “Consider further, the ongoing problem of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. We face increasing challenges from the proliferation of these weapons of mass destruction to hostile states and terrorist groups. Such proliferation must be stopped. Through coordination and strict application of export controls. Through rigorous verification and enforcement of multilateral treaties. Through other forms of collective action under international law.”

Terrorism: “Consider the fight against terrorism. None of us has ever believed that, without cooperation from all, terrorism could be controlled, let alone stopped. Drying up sources of funding for terrorists also requires coordination and effective legal regimes. Swift coordinated action is imperative to prevent attacks.”

WMD: “Our age also presents us with urgent challenges. The environment. Rolling back diseases such as HIV-AIDS and malaria. Preventing conflict and ending impunity for crimes against humanity. Stopping terrorism and organized crime. Controlling weapons of mass destruction.”

Cape Verde
H.E. Maria de Fatima Veiga, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation and Communities
September 29, 2003

Terrorism: "Concerns about security have taken center stage in the world of today. We share these concerns, as being a small island nation makes us extremely vulnerable. Small and poor nations are often victims of criminal acts by terrorist organizations. My country fully cooperates with the United Nations bodies in the combat against terrorism and organized crime."

Central African Republic
Trinidad and Tobago

Chad (French only)
H.E. Nagoum Yamassoum, Minister of Foreign Affairs and African Integration
September 30, 2003

Proliferation of nuclear weapons (in East Asia): "En Asie Orientale, la question de la prolifération des armes nucléaires, les conflits territoriaux et les attaques terroristes mettent en péril la stabilité, non seulement des Etats de la région mais celle du monde entier. Néanmoins, il est heureux de constater qu'une dynamique de paix est résolument engagée dans cette région. Ainsi, nous nous réjouissons de la tenue des pourparlers multilatéraux sur le programme nucléaire nord coréen et exhortons les Etats de la Région dont le rôle est fondamental à s'impliquer réellement pour faciliter la recherche d'un règlement définitif de cette crise. "

Terrorism/UN reform: "…le Tchad qui fait de la recherche de la paix son credo réaffirme de la façon la plus forte sa ferme condamnation de tout acte de terrorisme, de tout acte de violence et de tout usage de la force pour régler les différends entre les nations et pour défendre quelque cause que ce soit. Ces actions doivent relever de nos organisations régionales en premier lieu, puis à défaut, de notre Organisation commune: l'ONU. Celle-ci, bien que traversée par quelques controverses, reste aujourd'hui la seule Organisation au monde à jouir véritablement d'une légitmité internationale.

"…Elle y parviendra d'autant plus aisément sans doute que les réformes toujours reportées pourront aboutir et se traduire par un élargissement du Conseil de Sécurité aux puissances nouvelles ou émergentes d'Europe, d'Afrique, d'Asie et d'Amérique, en un mot, à la prise en compte de l'état réel du monde contemporain. Ce serait une justice à faire à ces Nations, et un service à rendre à l'Organisation elle-même."

Chile
H.E. Mrs. Soledad Alvear Valenzuela, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 26, 2003

International Security: “We share the ideas of the Secretary-General for the elaboration of a programme of common security that will permit us to overcome the differences that have arisen in dealing with the increasing fears of our global community.”

Multilateralism: "The historic Santiago Commitment to Democracy of 1991 culminated in the adoption of the Inter-American Democratic Charter and has been complemented by the Declaration of Santiago on Democracy and Public Trust: A New Commitment to Good Governance for the Americas, which was adopted at the thirty-third General Assembly of the Organization of American States, held in Chile in June of this year. In that instrument, we reaffirmed the vital role of multilateral cooperation in promoting democratic governance. This effort is an example of how international cooperation can help to strengthen the universal value of democracy."

China
Li Zhaoxing, Foreign Minister
September 24, 2003

International Security: “Such non-traditional security concerns as terrorism, drug-trafficking, weapons proliferation, spread of diseases and environmental degradation have become more pronounced. Given modern conditions, they can easily spread within regions or even across the world, making the security situation of human communities even more complicated.

"…We should cultivate a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and cooperation. Security should be maintained through cooperation and disputes resolved peacefully through dialogue. Frequent use or threat of force should be avoided and building one's own security at the expense of others rejected.”

Non-proliferation (DPRK): “China will continue to push for friendship and good-neighborliness in the interest of peace and tranquility in the region. Standing for a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula where peace and stability should be maintained, we initiated and sponsored the three-party Beijing talks and the first round of six-party talks. China remains committed to solving the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula peacefully through dialogue and building a lasting peace there.”

Colombia
H.E. Mr. Alvaro Uribe Vélez, President
September 30, 2003

Antipersonnel Mines: "The sacrifice of our soldiers and policemen has been significant. This year, as a consequence of the antipersonnel mines, 109 soldiers have been assassinated and 334 have been wounded, many of them completely mutilated."

Multilateralism: "Colombia reaffirms its faith in multilateralism as the most effective system to seek peace, security, human, economic and social development. The United Nations is irreplaceable, even though for the good of the humanity it requires constant updating of its structure and procedures to increase it efficiency against terrorism."

Terrorism: "Despite the anxiety we face as a result of the terrorism that affects so many countries in the world, we come to reiterate our commitment to fight until we leave behind such a scourge.

"…A year ago, I presented to all of you my Democratic Security Policy, which was developed to free Colombian people from terrorism. The policy establishes the basic lines of action to protect the rights of all citizens, regardless of their social income, their political ideals or religious beliefs. This policy will protect business leaders, labor union leaders, politicians, and those who oppose the government's beliefs. The basis of this policy lies in the dream of a pluralist nation that lives in permanent constructive debate, fraternal and without hatred.

"…At the present time, we are conducting a Constitutional change to allow the armed forces to proceed with specialized groups, in terrorism cases, to make captures, raids, and phone interceptions.

"…To protect our communities, we need to pursue forcefully all terrorists and not to miss the opportunity to get peace agreements, made in good faith."

Comoros (French only)
Mr. H.E. Colonel Azali Assoumani, President
September 25, 2003

Congo
Costa Rica
Cote d’Ivoire

Croatia
H.E. Mr. Stjepan Mesie, President
September 23, 2003

Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: “The Comprehensive Test-Ban Treaty is, we believe, particularly important in ensuring that the goal of nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament is attained. We are concerned by the fact that since the Treaty was opened for signature and ratification seven years ago, it has still not come into effect. The universal character of this Treaty is of great significance and we call on all states that have not acceded to the Treaty to do so as soon as possible.”

Proliferation of WMD: “Apart from terrorism, one of the biggest security threats in the world is the proliferation of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction.”

Terrorism: “The fight against international terrorism is high on Croatia's list of priorities…Our collective duties to maintain international peace and security, which stem from the UN Charter, provide an international framework for a decisive response to terrorism in the 21st century.

"…The fight against terrorism requires not only action by the democratic coalition on a global level, but also that of each of its members on the national and regional levels. Equally important is that we intensify our activities to assist countries lagging behind in economic development and other areas. Inequality, injustice and ignorance are fertile breeding grounds for the seed of terrorism.”

Cuba
H.E. Mr. Felipe Pérez Roque, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 26, 2003

Disarmament: "A reform [is needed] that guarantees the ability of the United Nations to preserve peace, to lead the fight for general and complete disarmament, including nuclear disarmament – that many generations have looked forward to."

Cyprus
H.E. Mr. Tassos Papadopoulos, President
September 25, 2003

Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: “We have repeatedly expressed our genuine commitment to international norms in the field of disarmament and I am happy to report that Cyprus, earlier this year, has ratified the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty and the Ottawa Convention.”

International disarmament regime: “Universalization of, and compliance with multilateral treaties related to disarmament and non-proliferation, as well as verification mechanisms and internationally coordinated export controls are essential tools in our efforts.”

Landmines: “The Government of Cyprus, attaches great importance to the international effort against mine proliferation and the clearing of minefields. For this reason it has taken the initiative to clear all minefields in the buffer zone laid by the National Guard immediately after the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. In this regard, I would like to announce today my Government’s decision and firm commitment first: to unilaterally start within the next two months, in cooperation with the United Nations and the financial support of the European Union, demining in the buffer zone and second: to unilaterally proceed with the destruction of an appreciable amount of stockpiled anti-personnel mines during the month of November this year. This is just a first but, I believe, a major step in the implementation of our obligations under the Ottawa Convention.”

Non-proliferation: “Non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction has become, and rightly so, a top priority in the world’s agenda. The risk of acquisition of such weapons by terrorist groups highlights even more the gravity and urgency of the issues to be addressed. In this respect, the United Nations have a truly instrumental role to play.”

Terrorism: “From Baghdad to Jakarta, from Russia to India, and back to the heinous attacks of 11 September two years ago, terrorist acts around the globe, serve as a painful reminder that terrorism transcends borders and that it attacks universal values. Freedom, democracy, human rights and humanity itself have to be defended by the international community with persistence and determination. At the same time we should be cautious and ensure that our actions are fully in line with the cherished values we want to uphold. As the threat is unfortunately far from over, a genuine global mobilization, under the aegis of the United Nations, is of the essence if this endeavor is to be successful. Cyprus is playing its part fully in this concerted effort and is also among the countries that have ratified all twelve of the International Conventions pertaining to terrorism. Furthermore it has recently ratified the Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel of 1994.”

Czech Republic
H.E. Cyril Svoboda, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29. 2003

Arms: "The Czech Republic supports all international efforts in the field of disarmament, arms control, including verification of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery. This process is a long-term priority of Czech foreign policy."

Conventional weapons: "The problems of the current conflicts severely affecting the civilian population are closely connected with the issue of conventional weapons, especially small arms and light weapons. The Czech Republic supports the international community in its effort to prevent the illicit trafficking in small arms and light weapons and their uncontrolled proliferation."

Multilateral Treaties regarding WMD: "We are convinced that it is necessary to promote the universal adherence and reinforcement of the three major multilateral agreements relating to weapons of mass destruction, that is Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Chemical Weapons Convention and Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. In this connection we also support the promotion of an early entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty. Particular emphasis should be placed on establishing effective verification mechanisms, namely for the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention.

"The Additional Protocol, which creates an integral part of the International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards system and strengthens the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty we consider to be a very important element of the verification system. That is why it is urgent for the States that have not entered into Safeguards Agreements with the International Atomic Energy Agency to do so and fulfill their obligations in accordance with article III of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. We are of the view that the Additional Protocol should be made the standard for all NPT Signatory States."

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
H.E. Mr. Choe Su Hon, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 30, 2003

Nuclear Disarmament: "Denuclearizing the Korean peninsula is the ultimate goal and the initiative of the DPRK as well as the earnest aspirations of the entire Korean nation.

"Accordingly, at both tripartite and six-party talks on the nuclear issue, the DPRK advanced proposals aimed at achieving the denuclearization of the Korean peninsula"

Nuclear Weapons: "I wish to draw the attention of this forum to the principled position and sincere efforts of the DPRK government to ensure a fair solution of the nuclear issue between the DPRK and the United States, which now constitutes the focus of the international community.

"I believe that it will be a positive contribution to the work of the current General Assembly.

"The nuclear issue is, in its essence, an outcome of the hostile policy pursued by the United States to isolate and stifle the DPRK politically, economically and militarily. It originated from the deep-rooted hostility, which denies our system and refuses to co-exist with the DPRK.

"It is the consistent position of the DPRK to resolve the nuclear issue peacefully through dialogue and negotiations.

Terrorism and WMD: "Countries are designated as ‘axis of evil’ and the ‘targets of preemptive nuclear attacks’ on the basis of extreme national chauvinism and hostility. Unilateral military attacks are openly perpetrated against sovereign states under the pretext of ‘war against terrorism’ and ‘suspicion over the possession of weapons of mass destruction’."

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Denmark
H.E. Dr. Per Stig Moller, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 24, 2003

Terrorism and proliferation of WMD: “Today we need the UN more than ever. We need the UN to provide a more secure world, to fight international terrorism, to resolve conflicts and to halt the spread of weapons of mass destruction. We need the UN in ensuring fundamental human rights for all people. We need the UN to establish, implement and develop an international legal order based on the rule of law. And we need the UN in our combat against poverty and in securing sustainable economic growth.

"…Testifying to this is the immense work done in the fields of human rights, the rights of women and children, including the right to reproductive health care and services, the struggle against terrorism, and the efforts to control nuclear, biological and chemical weapons.”

Weapons of Mass Destruction: “The Security Council has successfully taken on international terrorism and should continue to focus on how to deal with weapons of mass destruction.”

Djibouti

Dominica
H.E. Pierre Charles, Prime Minister
September 25, 2003

International security: “Today's world is entangled in a web of complex problems that threaten global security. These problems, which require urgent attention from the United Nations, include HIV/AIDS and other diseases, poverty, marginalization of indigenous people, terrorism and global crime, the growing scarcity of freshwater, global warming, the spread of light arms which threaten peaceful countries like Dominica, nuclear proliferation, armed civil conflicts and the refugees they give rise to, trafficking in humans, and unfair trade rules that contribute to growing poverty in the developing countries.

"All of these problems require a strong and effective multi-lateral organization, enjoying the trust and confidence of the people on this planet, and capable of articulating collective approaches towards some solutions.”

Terrorism: “This year our Parliament enacted The Suppression of Financing of Terrorism Act, which complements two earlier pieces of legislation related to the prevention of terrorism, the Money Laundering Act, and the Exchange of Information Act. The passage of these pieces of legislation has contributed to significant strengthening of the regulatory regime for banks operating in our offshore financial sector and to efforts to combat money laundering.

"We welcome the assistance of the Commonwealth in a review of our legal system to allow its alignment with the global strategy to fight terrorism, as well as the guidance of the Counter Terrorism Committee.”

Dominican Republic
H.E. Mr. Francisco Guerrero Prats, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 30, 2003

Terrorism and WMD: "Terrorism has emerged as a constant threat to humanity. The uncertainty and the pain have marked the beginning of the XXI Century. Our nations have the challenge to fight together, and at a global level, against the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and to promote an equitable development and a free society. Security problems demand decisive action against international terrorism, organized crime and the illegal traffic of arms and drugs."

Ecuador (Spanish only)
H.E. Ingeniero Lucio Gutierrez, President
September 24, 2003

Terrorism: El Ecuador, país con una profunda vocacíon pacífica reitera su más categórica condena al terrorismo en todas sus formas y manifestaciones. La violencia terrorstia Jamás podrá ser justificada por motivo alguno, y debe ser combatida con firmeza, con todos los medios que el derecho pone a disposición de los estados para hacer frente a esta amenaza global.

Egypt
H.E. Ahmed Maher El Sayed, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

Proliferation of WMD/nuclear-weapons-free zones: "…Challenges related to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and the slow pace of international action in the field of nuclear disarmament. We are witnessing tendencies to consecrate the right to possess, develop, and modernize nuclear weapons. Some still cling to the obsolete doctrines of deterrence. They attempt to find justifications for the use of nuclear weapons. Therefore, it has become necessary to widen the establishment of zones free of weapons of mass destruction. In this regard, I recall Egypt's repeated assertions in all international fora that rendering the Middle East free of weapons of mass destruction particularly nuclear weapons, in a comprehensive manner that applies to all without exception or discrimination, is the only way to save the region and the world from the dangers that threaten all our achievements and all that we strive to achieve. It is unacceptable that Israel's possession of such weapons should remain a reality that some prefer to ignore or prevent the international community in Vienna, New York or elsewhere from facing it squarely and frankly."

Terrorism: "…Egypt has participated seriously in all activities aimed at strengthening international efforts against terrorism. This has been Egypt's objective all along. In 1995 Egypt launched President Hosni Mubarak's initiative to convene a high level international conference under UN auspices to consider the ways and means to combat terrorism. This initiative gave expression to Egypt's keen interest in supporting the international efforts aimed at reaching a clear and precise understanding of the fight against terrorism, including through the negotiations on the comprehensive convention to combat international terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. The Egyptian initiative must not be misconstrued as a chance for protracted polemics or disagreement that clouds our objective. On the contrary it is a call to frame a document that expresses the international political will and reflects the international resolve to eradicate the scourge of terrorism, to restore peace and security along with justice and stability and clarifies the responsibilities of each and every member of the international community."

El Salvador (Spanish only)
H.E. Francisco Guillermo Flores Perez, President
September 23, 2003

Terrorism: "El terrorismo es una negación de todos los valores que compartimos.
Necesitamos un consenso sobre los valores que nos unen y una renovada voluntad de acción."

"…Nos expresamos con la legitimidad de haber sido, nosotros mismos, escenarios del ultimo conflicto de la guerra fria, y comprendemos como la intermediaci6n de la comunidad internacional puede favorecer la solución a un conflicto."

Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea

Estonia
H.E. Mr. Arnold Rüütel, President
September 24, 2003

Non-proliferation:"I would like to conclude by stressing that although I have touched upon only terrorism and environment, Estonia fully shares all the EU priorities at the 58th General Assembly of the United Nations Organisation. In particular, non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, peacekeeping, protection of human rights and combating HIV/AIDS pandemic."

Terrorism: "A terrorist act against people who are committed to assist the people of Iraq is a painful blow to the UN and a crime against the people of Iraq and the international community. However, it cannot be an impetus for the UN to withdraw from hot spots.”

Ethiopia
H.E. Seyoum Mesfin, Minister of Foreign Affairs
October 1, 2003

Terrorism: "…We in Ethiopia are determined to contribute more than our share to assist in the regeneration of our sub-region which has also been the target of international terrorism. The achievement of peace and national reconciliation in Somalia is extremely critical in the fight against this scourge as well. That is why all those who are willing to join in the fight against international terrorism should be automatically supportive of the peace effort by IGAD in Somalia."

European Union (see Italy)

Fiji

Finland
H.E. Marjatta Rasi, Permanent Representative of Finland to the UN
October 1, 2003

International nonproliferation regime: "Most effective way to address global security threats is the multilateral system of binding international agreements. The existing system of treaties built over the decades needs to be strengthened, not weakened. We need to reinforce our commitment to the prohibitions of chemical and biological weapons and prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons with the objective of their total elimination.

"Promoting the adherence to multilateral treaties and obligations is not enough. It is equally important to ensure that commitments are fully implemented. The international community cannot tolerate precedents of non-compliance with the legal undertakings which would put at stake the whole non-proliferation regime.

"In cases where states have difficulties in implementing treaty obligations due to lack of legal or technical verification expertise, appropriate support and assistance should be offered by the relevant organisations and participating states."

Non-proliferation of WMD: "Effective global governance requires universally agreed norms and rules setting standards for behaviour to be followed by all states as well as by non-state actors. Proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery are clearly an issue that affects the international community as a whole. No state can ignore these dangers. Today more than ever, we need to step up our collective efforts to halt the proliferation worldwide.

"Most effective way to address global security threats is the multilateral system of binding international agreements. The existing system of treaties built over the decades needs to be strengthened, not weakened. We need to reinforce our commitment to the prohibitions of chemical and biological weapons and prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons with the objective of their total elimination."

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty: "The nuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT) remains the cornerstone of our efforts to curb the spread of nuclear weapons. In our view the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty constitutes an essential and irreplaceable building block to contain the proliferation of nuclear weapons, thus contributing to nuclear disarmament. Finland attaches great importance to the entering into force of this Treaty. We urge all states that have not yet done so to sign and ratify the CTBT as soon as possible."

New Disarmament Efforts and Approaches: "In combating the spread of weapons of mass destruction new initiatives and new approaches are called for. In order to complement international instruments we need fresh perspectives on how to confront the problem of weapons of mass destruction. Finland welcomes new efforts - open to all - such as the G 8 Global Partnership against the spread of weapons and materials of mass destruction."

Small and light weapons: "By focussing on weapons of mass destruction I do not want to say that small arms are any less dangerous. They need due and growing attention by the international community. In some countries and in some crises small arms are a means of massive destruction and a major cause for loss of lives - mostly civilians."

Verification: "…We agree with the Secretary-General that the United Nations and the Security Council should look at the enforcement of weapons of mass destruction regimes. The UN has valuable expertise and experience in the field of verification. Finland believes that this verification and inspection competence should be maintained."

France
H.E. Mr. Jacques Chirac, President
September 23, 2003

International Non-proliferation Regime: “We must stand united in ensuring the universality of treaties and the effectiveness of non-proliferation regimes. We must strengthen our means of action in order to ensure compliance. France has proposed the creation of a permanent corps of inspectors under the authority of the Security Council. We need to We need to give fresh impetus to this policy. Let us call a summit meeting of the Security Council to frame a genuine United Nations action plan against proliferation.”

Terrorism: “The fight against international terrorism is another key challenge. This is well in hand, under Security Council auspices and within the framework of our various treaties. Our determination is rooted in the horror of September 11. The threat goes to the very heart of our democracies and societies. We are using force to combat terrorism, but that is not enough. It will return over and over if we allow extremism and fanaticism to flourish, if we fail to realize that it uses the world's unresolved conflicts and imbalances as its justification.”

Weapons of Mass Destruction: “In the face of proliferating weapons of mass destruction, we reject all ‘fait accomplis.’”

Gabon (French Only)
H.E. Jean Ping, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation and Francophonie
September 26, 2003

Military Cooperation: “Pour faciliter le déploiement rapide des forces de maintien de la paix dans ces régions, ne serait-il pas souhaitable de créer, sous l'égide des Nations Unies, un partenariat entre les pays africains et les pays développés pourvoyeurs de logistique? “

Gambia
H.E. Baboucarr-Blaise Ismaila Jagne, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

Conventional weapons: "The problem of conflicts in West Africa continues, however, to be compounded by the illicit flow of small arms and light weapons as well as the roving bands of mercenaries. International efforts could serve the region best by developing comprehensive disarmament, demobilization and rehabilitation programmes that target militias and are region-specific rather than country-specific. We must endeavour to address the issue of the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons with greater determination. An arrangement similar to the Kimberley Process in blood diamonds is what is urgently required to effectively stem the illicit flow of small arms and light weapons…"

Nuclear Proliferation: "My Government firmly supports the initiatives being taken to reduce tensions between India and Pakistan, two great friends of The Gambia. We urge them both to reduce the arms build-up on their respective sides of the border, and to strive harder to reach a mutually acceptable solution to their differences in particular, the issue of Kashmir."

Georgia

Germany
H.E. Mr. Gerhard Schröder, Chancellor
September 24, 2003

Non-proliferation: “We must prevent any further proliferation of nuclear weapons, strengthen the inspections regimes and pursue a policy of verified disarmament.”

Terrorism: “We must put the terrorists and their masters out of mischief and destroy their infrastructure.

"…In the long run, the fight against terrorism can only be won if people see that it produces benefits which are tangible in their own lives.

"They need to experience at first hand that being once again part of the international community means not only more freedom and more security, but also better development opportunities and a greater stake in society.”

Ghana
H.E. Mr. John Agyekum Kufuor, President
September 24, 2003

Conventional Disarmament: “Mr. President, while fully appreciating the support of our friends, ECOWAS must nevertheless appeal for some more resources from this Organization and the international community, to enable it to consolidate the peace and normalization process. It is necessary to stress that, in some instances within the sub-region, post-conflict peace building efforts have failed, because the many problems entailed were not addressed in a systematic, sustained and holistic manner. In the main, such problems include disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of combatants into regular society. ECOWAS, therefore, appeals for necessary assistance for effective management of them.”

Conventional Arms: “Yet another serious continuing menace is the prevalent illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in the sub-region. In this regard, we note the commendable progress made by the international community in addressing this menace through the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons. The truth, however, is that more vigorous and resourceful effort is needed to succeed.”

Terrorism: “The past two years have been years of near apocalyptic ordeal for the world and this great Organization. In rapid succession, the world and this Organization have been caught in what can only be described as crossfires of terrorism, violence and wars. The uncertainties resulting from these situations are yet to be dispelled. Much of the world is still in the dark, groping for a glimpse of the vision of how the future direction of international relations and this Organisation will look like.

"The recent unwarranted attacks against the United Nations Office and personnel in Baghdad, Iraq, should be roundly condemned. It should not break the will of this Organization to provide humanitarian assistance and relief to the people of Iraq.”

Greece
H.E. Mr. George Papandreou, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 26, 2003

Nonproliferation: "Last June, the EU adopted its first Strategy against the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction, along with a Joint Action Plan. This was quickly followed by a framework agreement between the EU and US on WMD.

"These instruments of preventive action will help the EU to effectively address global security challenges, and thus contribute to strengthening international order."

Terrorism and Proliferation: "Similarly, problems such as terrorism, drug, arms, and people trafficking, and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction all point to a world where conflict is not confined within national frontiers. It is only logical to conclude that they can only be properly addressed through multilateral actions and policies. Only sustainable development will bring sustainable peace, at both the regional and global levels."

Weapons of Mass Destruction: "And indeed, this year, the United Nations has undergone one of the most testing periods in its history. During the Iraqi crisis, the world's citizens put great faith in the power of the United Nations; faith in its power to respond to the potential threat of weapons of mass destruction, while at the same time preserving peace and the legitimacy of international law."

Grenada

Guatemala
H.E. Mr. Alfonso Portillo Cabrera, President
September 23, 2003

Terrorism: “We reiterate our opposition to all forms of terrorism and support the collective action of the international community in combating this scourge.”

Guinea
Guinea-Bissau

Guyana
H.E. Mr. Bharrat Jagdeo, President
September 25, 2003

International Security/UN Reform: “Regrettably, the world in which we live now, while placing a high premium on democracy at the national level, fails to live up to this ideal in the international councils that shape our common destiny. We are concerned at this double standard since the aspirations of humanity for peace, security and development cannot be fulfilled without the effective participation of all states in global affairs.

" … It is time that the United Nations Security Council, which has primary responsibility under the Charter for international peace and security be made more representative of the wider international community. The Council must be expanded and the role of developing countries in this organ appropriately strengthened. To this end, Guyana is prepared to support the candidacies of Brazil, India and an African country for permanent seats on the Council and a suitable number of non-permanent seats for other developing countries. This expansion will no doubt enable it to better cope with the challenges which conflicts, both old and new, pose to global peace and development.”

Haiti
H.E. Jean-Bertrand Aristide, President
September 26, 2003

Arms Spenditures: “Nombre d'observateurs avaient exprimé leur joie de constater la réduction des dépenses militaires à l'échelon du monde, au cours de la dernière décennie du XX eme siècle. En effet de 1985 à 1998, ces dépenses passaient de 1210,5 milliards à 803,7 milliards de dollars. “

"La réduction des dépenses en armement et l'augmentation des dépenses consacrées au développement humain, croyons-nous, peut favoriser tant la croissance humaine que la, croissance économique…“

Honduras
H.E. S.E. Ricardo Maduro, President
September 26, 2003

Arms limitation: ”…hemos estado avanzando en una agenda para lograr una adecuada limitación y equilibrio de armas que nos permita invertir los recursos liberados en áreas sociales prioritarias.”

Terrorism: “Sin embargo, un ataque terrorista repudiable, trastocó nuestra agenda común y obligó a todas las naciones del mundo, a realizar ajustes en las prioridades convenidas.”

" La seguridad se convirtió así en el eje primordial, inmediato y perentorio de la acción colectiva.”

" Honduras repudia y condena el terrorismo en todas sus formas y manifestaciones, independientemente del lugar donde esos hechos se produzcan y cualesquiera que sean sus autores materiales e intelectuales.”

" ...Por otra parte, junto con las Repúblicas hermanas de Centroamérica, hemos trabajado arduamente en la construcción de un Plan para Prevenir y Combatir el Terrorismo y otro para Combatir el Crimen Organizado en todas sus manifestaciones.”

Hungary
H.E. Laszló Kovacs, Minister of Foreign Affairs
October 1, 2003

Biological Weapons Convention: "We view the first follow-up meeting of the States Parties to the Biological Weapons Convention /BWC/ in August this year in Geneva as encouraging. The participants have rightly focused on practical actions. We look forward to seeing further progress in strengthening national implementation of the BWC at the next meeting in November."

Non-Proliferation of WMDs: "The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction together with their means of delivery is a growing and serious threat to international peace and security. The danger of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons in the hands of terrorist groups and states, that are a menace to our world, represent new major security challenges, against which we must act together in a resolute manner both regionally and globally.

"Earlier this year, the European Union has adopted a very important and far-reaching Declaration on Arms Proliferation and Weapons of Mass Destruction. Hungary will work hard with its partners in the EU towards the effective implementation of this new instrument as well as of the recently agreed EU Action Plan.

"Under the current security environment worldwide, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons /NPT/ is in need to be reinforced. We call on the States remaining outside the NPT to accede to it unconditionally and accept the nearly universal norms of nuclear nonproliferation.

"Revelations about large-scale nuclear programs and the failure to provide sufficient explanations about their purpose and nature, have given rise to legitimate concerns of the international community. There is a growing recognition, shared by Hungary, that these programs imply serious proliferation risks as well."

Iceland
H.E. Mr. Halldór Asgrimsson, Minister for Foreign Affairs and External Trade
September 26, 2003

Terrorism and Human Rights: "We should be especially aware of the implications for human rights of new threats and new policies. In particular, we must ensure that fundamental human rights are not violated in our counter-terrorism efforts as has been underlined by the SecretaryGeneral"

"…On terrorism, renewed efforts must be made to reach an agreement on a universal definition during this General Assembly. Such a definition would make the fight against terrorism more effective."

India
H.E. Mr. Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Prime Minister
September 25, 2003

Conventional weapons: “We have to sustain the fight against trafficking in narcotic drugs, human beings and small arms; the pandemic of HIV/AIDS; diseases like malaria and tuberculosis that grip developing countries and the degradation of our common environment.”

Proliferation of WMD and terrorism: “We should be particularly concerned at the various recent revelations about clandestine transfers of weapons of mass destruction and their technologies. We face the frightening prospect of these weapons and technologies falling into the hands of terrorists. Surely something needs to be done about the helplessness of international regimes in preventing such transactions, which clearly threaten international security. The same regimes expend considerable energy in imposing a variety of discriminatory technology-denial restrictions on responsible states.”

Indonesia
H.E. Ms. Megawati Soekarnoputri, President
September 23, 2003

Regional Security: “We must strengthen international cooperation and reinforce regional engagement. In Southeast Asia, we continue to enhance the role of ASEAN. Next month, at the ASEAN Summit that Indonesia will host in Bali, we expect to take concrete step towards forming an ASEAN Security Community that will support and complement our efforts at becoming an ASEAN Economic Community. I believe that stable, peaceful and prosperous ASEAN would significantly contribute to the realization of the UN objectives.”

Terrorism: “While we were contending with these difficulties, starting 2002, terrorism has inflicted its brutality upon our homeland. For quite a long time we believed that international terrorism would spare Indonesia because we had a tradition of tolerance for human differences. Now, however, we must face the reality that Indonesia has become a target of terrorism, and as a result, has suffered enormous losses in human lives.

"We have been wondering: why those terrifying acts were carried out? What are their underlying reasons, motives, and arguments? What are their relations to international terrorism networks? What is the course of action to be adopted in order to effectively prevent, deter, and eradicate them?

"We have adopted a series of firm legislations to prevent and eradicate the threats posed by terrorism. Equipped with these stronger legal authorities, we have dismantled terrorist cells in the country and prosecutors have brought their members to justice. Several have already been meted sentences that befit their crimes.

"The people of Indonesia, who are predominantly of the Islamic faith, support this national policy. Large and active Islamic organizations, such as Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama, as well as the Indonesian Ulemas Council and prominent Islamic figures are one in condemning these terrorist acts.

"… We should truly be prudent and sensible in the face of such a long outstanding issue. It is difficult to refute the impression that the policy on conflict resolution in the Middle East is not only unjust but also one-sided. Clearly, the Middle East problem is not a conflict of religions or of religious adherents though there might be some religious nuances in the issue.

"…In order to prevent, deter or eradicate the problem of international terrorism, I should like to propose that the countries, whose citizens become the main target of terrorist groups, should review their conventional anti-terrorism policies, particularly in dealing with the ArabIsraeli conflict. They should adopt a policy that ensures that all involved parties are given just and equal treatment.”

Iran (Islamic Republic of)
H.E. Dr. Kamal Kharrazi, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 25, 2003

Nuclear energy: “The political pressure against the Islamic Republic of Iran to set aside its inalienable rights to develop peaceful nuclear technology is unfortunately mounting in circumstances that some Nuclear Weapon States are testing and developing advanced tactical nuclear weapons program and Israel, in defiance of international calls to adhere to the NPT, is continuing with impunity its clandestine development of sophisticated nuclear weapons and its delivery systems. The NPT Review and Extension Conferences have all called for the suspension and freezing of the tactical weapons program and the Israeli nuclear program which is the real threats to international peace and security. They are both considered to be in contravention with the letter and spirit of the NonProliferation Treaty.

"Iran's nuclear program is solely for peaceful purposes; particularly production of 7000 Mw of electricity that is foreseen in Iran's planned economic development by the year 2020. Iran will vigorously pursue its peaceful nuclear program and will not give in to unreasonable demands that are discriminatory, selective and go beyond the requirements of non-proliferation in accordance with existing IAEA instruments. At the same time, Iran does not have a nuclear weapons program nor does it intend to embark on one. Thus, we have nothing to hide, and in principle have no problem with the additional protocol. We are anxious to ascertain that this step will be solely utilized to enhance confidence and remove all doubts about the peaceful nature of our nuclear program.”

WMD: “Weapons of mass destruction are amongst the most potent threats to peace and security at the regional and global levels. CWC, BWC and the NPT are the results of our collective wisdom to respond to this threat through elimination in the first two cases and non-proliferation in the third. We believe we should do much more. We should do more to make these basic international instruments universal. We should also do more to strengthen verifiability of their implementations. And finally, we should all work collectively, as mandated by the ICJ, to move towards total elimination of nuclear weapons.

"By adhering to all these three legal instruments, as an original party, my country has manifested its determination towards total eradication of weapons of mass destruction from the globe. Our commitment to international regimes on weapons of mass destructions does not merely lie in our contractual obligations but, more importantly, in our religious convictions and historical experience. No country like mine in recent decades may feel so fresh the tragic scars of being victims of such weapons particularly within a complacent international milieu. We are convinced that pursuit of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction not only cannot provide deterrence or enhance one's security and influence, but will only increase vulnerability. Thus, I can state categorically that for all these reasons, weapons of mass destruction have no place in the defensive strategy of my country. We believe the only option is to work actively towards global and regional banning of these weapons and have thus spared no effort in this regard.
However, the efforts to ban or strengthen the ban on the weapons of mass destruction should not provide any excuse for denying the rights of States to develop technology for peaceful purposes.”

Iraq

Ireland
H.E. Mr. Bertie Ahern, Prime Minister
September 25, 2003

Proliferation: "Proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons poses a serious threat to international peace and security. We must recommit ourselves to controlling the spread of such weapons, and working towards their complete elimination. This can only be achieved through a comprehensive and rigorous system of international treaties and obligations that are verifiable and universal.

"Ireland, with its partners in the New Agenda Coalition, will continue its efforts in respect of nuclear disarmament during this year's General Assembly. Ireland calls on all States who are concerned about the issue of weapons of mass destruction to become constructively engaged in the multilateral disarmament and non=proliferation process. There can be no room for double standards."

Terrorism: "We must also remain resolute in our determination to counter the threat of terrorism. We owe it to the victims of September 11, and to all the victims of terrorist atrocities before and since. The measures put in place by the Security Council have made it more difficult for international terrorist networks to organise and to finance their activities. These organisations, however, do not stand- still. We must remain vigilant and redouble our efforts. to make it impossible for the agents of international terror to operate.

"In doing so, however, we must be clear that the need to act against terrorism offers no license for action contrary to the UN Charter, or against the body of international human rights and humanitarian law that we have so painstakingly constructed.

"We must also seek to deal with the causes of terrorism. Terrorism is not some kind of original sin. No child is born a terrorist. At some point in their lives, some people become terrorists. We have to identify how and why."

Israel
H.E. Mr. Silvan Shalom, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 25, 2003

Terrorism and WMD: "States - members of this institution - that sponsor terrorists and give them shelter, are accomplices in the acts of terror themselves. They must be held accountable for their crimes. It is no coincidence that states that sponsor terrorism like Iran and Syria, are also striving to acquire Weapons of Mass Destruction. Their hostility to freedom and the rule of law puts the very future of humanity in jeopardy."

Italy (on behalf of the European Union)
H.E. Mr. Silvio Berlusconi, Prime Minister
September 23, 2003

International Peace and Security: "Conflict prevention and crisis management are essential components of the safeguarding of international peace and security. More than 40,000 men and women of the European Union are currently deployed on UN-led or –authorized peace operations in the world. The Union is directly involved in missions in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and until a few days ago was in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where the E.U. demonstrated its will to contribute, also through military means, to the international community’s efforts to restore peace and stability in Africa.

"In light of this concrete commitment, the E.U. reaffirms its support for the reform and strengthening of the United Nations’ peace-keeping activities."

Non-proliferation: "The non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction is a priority. It requires constant political pressure and, as the first line of defence, every political and diplomatic instrument available. We cannot allow unconventional weapons to end up in the hands of terrorists or regimes that represent a threat to world peace"

"…With regard to non-proliferation, the European Union is firmly committed to supporting the United Nations, particularly the Security Council, in pursuit of the following common objectives: strengthening international agreements; increasing support for the monitoring agencies; and intensifying controls over illegal trafficking. Finally, should all political and diplomatic measures fail, recourse to enforcement measures provided by the United Nations Charter cannot be ruled out.

"It will be possible to avoid recourse to force, however, if all the instruments of international law-including human rights safeguards- come to prevail in all their effects."

NPT: "The European Union reiterates its request to India and Pakistan to adhere to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and to act in compliance with UN Security Resolution 1172. We forcefully encourage India and Pakistan to pursue a process of political dialogue that will lead to an agreement that is satisfactory to all the parties on all the controversial points, including Kashmir: a problem that cannot be resolved through violence or terrorism."

Proliferation: "We must show the same commitment to stop the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their carriers. We cannot shirk our responsibilities. The European Union has doubled its efforts to put an end to this threat to international peace and security. After having recently agreed to an Action Plan, we are now busy with its implementation. The universal subscription to the main multilateral agreements is at the heart of the European Union’s policies.

"…The European Union expresses its growing concern over the development of the Iranian nuclear programme and the risks of proliferation that it involves. We reiterate our expectation that Iran will demonstrate accelerated cooperation and full transparency with the International Atomic Energy Agency by acceding to its requests. Urgent and unconditional acceptance, signature and implementation of an IAEA safeguards additional protocol is of the utmost importance. The international community would consider it a sign of Iran’s commitment to the non-proliferation framework and a step toward the desired reforms."

Small Arms: "In this context, another grave danger is represented by the increasing spread of light and portable weapons and by the expansion of armed organized violence, whose toll in human lives has begun to exceed the lives lost in wars."

Terrorism: "The European Union condemns all acts of terrorism, which are threats to democracy, human rights and economic and social development. We must be firm in our determination to destroy this virus and free present and future generations from its aggressions. Efforts to combat terrorism must respect human rights and the fundamental freedoms, rule-of-law and humanitarian law.

"In this struggle we are working in close collaboration with and give our full support to the United Nations. It is a battle that must be conducted for the sake of freedom and democracy- the universal values engraved in the United Nations Charter, which should be deeply rooted in the lives of all the peoples of this globalized world."

Transparency: "The E.U. sends a firm appeal to North Korea to completely dismantle its nuclear programme in a prompt, transparent, verifiable and irreversible manner, in compliance with the obligations deriving from international non-proliferation agreements.

"… We reiterate our expectation that Iran will demonstrate accelerated cooperation and full transparency with the International Atomic Energy Agency by acceding to its requests."

Jamaica
H.E. P.J. Patterson, Prime Minister
September 29, 2003

Nuclear proliferation and multilaterism: "Mankind faces the danger of terrorism, nuclear proliferation and weapons of mass destruction.

"…These are real concerns which underscore the need to strengthen multilateralism, to restore confidence in the United Nations system, to buttress its centrality in decisions which affect us all, and enhance its capacity to enforce.

"…The critical problems facing us concerning war and peace are compounded by the proliferation of weapons of all kinds. Military expenditure globally now amounts to over US $800 billion annually. Experience has shown however, that military power and massive investment in weapons do not bring security and lasting peace.

Japan
H.E. Ms. Yoriko Kawaguchi, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 23, 2003

Disarmament/NPT/CTBT: "The very urgency of these issues reminds us of the importance of the crossroads at which we now stand with regard to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty regime. The horror and devastation caused by nuclear weapons should not be repeated. Japan is redoubling its efforts to maintain and fortify the nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation regime, with this treaty as its core. In this General Assembly session, Japan will submit a draft resolution entitled "Path to the Total-Elimination of Nuclear Weapons" and aim to secure adoption of the resolution by an overwhelming majority of member states. Furthermore, Japan considers the early entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty to be of extreme importance as a concrete means of strengthening the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty regime."

International Peace and Security: "Japan believes that international peace and prosperity can only be achieved through cooperation among the nations, with the United Nations playing an important role. Japan has used all means at its disposal to contribute to United Nations activities, so that the objectives contained in the UN Charter may ultimately be realized. Let me be clear that Japan will continue to be actively engaged in United Nations activities."

Missiles: "From the perspectives of peace and security in Northeast Asia and international non-proliferation, the development and possession of nuclear weapons by North Korea must never be tolerated. Japan once again urges North Korea to immediately and completely dismantle all of its nuclear development programs in a verifiable and irreversible manner. This issue should be resolved peacefully by diplomatic efforts including the Six-Party Talks process. Based on the Pyongyang Declaration between Japan and North Korea, Japan seeks the resolution of various outstanding issues between Japan and North Korea, including the nuclear issue, the missile issue and the abduction issue, which was addressed explicitly by this Assembly last December in the Resolution on the Question of Enforced or Involuntary Disappearance. Upon a comprehensive resolution of those issues, Japan is looking to effect the normalization of its diplomatic relations with North Korea."

Terrorism: "Today, we face a situation in which the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and the threat of terrorism affect not only particular countries or regions but the world as a whole, presenting a new threat to our lives and our livelihood. It is imperative for each country to regard the issue as its own and to take action in concert with the countries facing such imminent threats."

Jordan
H.E. Dr. Marwan Muasher, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

Nuclear terrorism: "In this regard, we would like to set on record our full backing for the efforts aimed at achieving meaningful progress in the current negotiations in the General Assembly to adopt a comprehensive convention on combating terrorism and a convention on combating nuclear terrorism. We hope that these endeavors will prove successful in the establishment of a legal and specific definition of the concept of terrorism which would set it apart from the rights protected under international law and international humanitarian law for States, peoples and individuals."

Terrorism: "Let me assure you, Mr. President, that the Government and people of Jordan are determined in their resolve to confront this epidemic which our citizens and institutions suffered from for several decades. Once again, let me reiterate our firm commitment to cooperate with all countries and multilateral efforts in the joint fight against terrorism."

"…May I commend the Counter Terrorism Committee and the Commission on Sanctions Against Al-Qaeda and Taliban for all their aid to member states in fighting terrorism. Jordan looks forward for further cooperation with these two bodies."

Kazakhstan
H.E. Mr. Kassymzhomart Tokaev, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 25, 2003

Counter-Terrorism: "A significant contribution to counter-terrorism efforts and trade and economic cooperation in the Eurasian region could be made by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

"… Kazakhstan supports the adoption, without further delay, of a comprehensive convention against international terrorism."

Multilateralism: "Kazakhstan reaffirms its commitment to the concept of a multipolar world as a political philosophy of modern international relations. At the same time, we do not reject unipolarity if its means joining the efforts of all states in the world to avert global threats."

Nuclear Proliferation: "As a state which voluntarily has renounced its nuclear heritage, Kazakhstan is concerned by the continued proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. The desire of a number of countries and some extremist organizations to possess nuclear weapons and other types of weapons of mass destruction poses a serious threat to global security. Well-known British writer Aldous Huxley made a prophecy when he said: 'Technological progress has merely provided us with more efficient means of going backwards.' Let's face it: today, the Non-Proliferation Treaty and the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty do not work in practice. The main reason of this state of affairs is a weakened international control.

" There are already 39 states in the world capable of producing a nuclear bomb or a nuclear device and at least eight countries with a significant nuclear capacity. In addition, there are at least another four countries whose denuclearized status is highly questionable.

"The United Nations and its institutions should have the last word in the solution of the problem of nuclear non-proliferation. There is actually only one way out: to tighten the control and to improve transparency when it comes to weapon development and testing. The existing international agreements in this area should be adapted to new realities. We can no longer accept the fact that the international community lacks effective means to discipline states violating non-proliferation regimes. Here we witness an absence of a single standard: some countries are punished by military force while others are urged to give up their nuclear programmes.

"Kazakhstan has welcomed the initiative of the Big Eight regarding global partnership against the proliferation of nuclear materials and weapons of mass destruction and expresses hope for a fruitful cooperation on the issue with this group of states."

SALW: "Our country considers it important to implement the Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons."

Kenya
H.E. Stephen Kalonzo Musyoka, Minister of Foreign Affairs
October 1, 2003

Small arms and light weapons: "The proliferation of small arms and light weapons has contributed to conflicts raging in many parts of Africa. Kenya has been actively involved in efforts to address this issue and hosts the Nairobi Secretariat on Small Arms and Light Weapons, a regional initiative involving ten countries of the Great Lakes region and Horn of Africa. In addition, at the Biennial. Conference on small arms and light weapons held in New York in July 2003, Kenya presented a report on the activities of the Nairobi Secretariat as well as the measures undertaken by the Government of Kenya at the national level to curb the menace. In this regard, we call upon the international community to provide requisite resources in our joint effort to fight the proliferation of these arms."

Kiribati

Kuwait
His Highness Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Prime Minister
September 23, 2003

Terrorism: "As Kuwait firmly reiterates its stand of categorical rejection of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations as well as its renunciation of all acts of violence and extremism, it condemns the vicious orchestrated campaign being waged against a sister state, namely the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, by some American media agencies. Rather, we would commend Saudi Arabia for its concrete and significant contributions to the global campaign against terrorism. In the meantime, let us bear in mind the fact that Saudi Arabia itself has been the target of terrorists and suffered as a result of that. Kuwait fully endorses all measures taken by the Saudi government in its drive to eliminate terrorism and to consolidate regional security and stability.

"In the same context, Kuwait will maintain its efforts in coordination with the regional states and the United Nations to fight terrorism and to further strengthen the measures it has enforced in order to completely fulfill its international obligations, especially those set forth in Security Council resolution 1373."

Kyrgyzstan
Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Multilateralism: "Since the last time we convened, the world has gone through major changes and challenges. Although peace, dialogue and cooperation for development continue to prevail today across many regions, we have been bearing witness to a world beset by terror, civil wars, armed conflicts and violence, acts of aggression and interference in the internal affairs of states. In handling these problems, we believe it is contingent upon all of us to show patience, courage and determination and strive to solve them through dialogue, diplomacy and political means. Towards this end, we should continue to seek the multilateral routes through the United Nations."

Latvia
H.E. Dr. Vaira Vike Freiberga, President
September 23, 2003

Proliferation: "For the moment, however, it appears that any substantial changes within the UN will have to await a renewed climate of consensus, which is not likely to precede the resolution of the crises in the Middle East, the settling of trade disputes and the establishment of greater unity about agricultural subsidies, arms proliferation and environmental issues."

Terrorism: "The establishment of a genuine and lasting peace between the Israelis and the Palestinians would also have an additional benefit. It would remove the Palestinian cause as an excuse for terrorists to justify their actions of murder and destruction. As the events of the last few years so poignantly reveal, terrorism and arms proliferation have become two of the largest threats to world security today."

Lebanon
H.E. Mr. Jean Obeid, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Emigrants
September 24, 2003

Terrorism: "Lebanon was among the first countries to be targeted by terrorism, carried out by fundamentalist groups, and fought it with courage and resolve. At the same time, Lebanon still faces the state terrorism practiced by Israel, which has caused the death, injury, and displacement of thousands of Lebanese and the destruction of vital facilities and infrastructures.

"While we differentiate between terrorism and the right of peoples whose territories are occupied to resist and to liberate their land, within the confines of international resolutions and the United Nations Charter, our country explicitly and firmly condemns all forms of terrorism, since it constitutes a danger that threatens all mankind, without distinction between race, color, or religion. Furthermore, Lebanon reaffirms its commitment to continue to cooperate with the international community to fight this extensively harmful and extremely damaging scourge."

Lesotho
H.E. Mr. Pakalitha B. Mosisili, Prime Minister
September 24, 2003

Terrorism: "We continue to share the grief of those who will forever miss the love and support of their loved ones. We must therefore reaffirm our resolve to partner together to eliminate those elements which threaten to destroy humanity and its way of life. Our best hope for success is, and should be, our collective strength. We owe it to ourselves and future generations of humankind to pool resources and strategies together to annihilate the scourge of terrorism. In doing so, we must simultaneously and genuinely examine and begin to understand what forces and factors drive an inherently good human being to such desperation as to commit such drastic acts of violence, not only against others, but against self in the process. Our preventive measures must address such forces and factors to disarm potential terrorists."

Liberia
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

Liechtenstein
H.E. Dr. Ernst Walch, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

UN reform: "As any other State, in particular small States, Liechtenstein attaches the highest possible priority to the rule of international law, expressed inter alia in our commitment to the International Criminal Court, and international relations that are based on rules derived from international legal standards. The United Nations, as the core body for drafting and adopting those standards, must continue to play its role in defending and upholding them. It is more obvious than ever that the Security Council is facing a particular challenge in this respect. While discussions in the media, in the academic world and in think-tanks after the military action against Iraq invariably have focused on the theme of the need for quick and effective Security Council reform, this sense of urgency was lost on the Open-Ended Working Group of Security Council reform - the very body that has the competence to make decisions on such reform. After ten years of debate on this issue, we all appreciate the difficulties attached to this issue, and they are indeed big. However, these difficulties are no sufficient justification for our failure to resolve an issue that everybody agrees is a major obstacle for the effective functioning of the organization as a whole. It was therefore rather disturbing to see the Open-ended Working Group continue engaging in business as usual, while the world - the world we are supposed to represent after all - unanimously called for effective and comprehensive reform. The composition of the Council is clearly a reflection of a geopolitical reality that has ceased to exist a long time ago and enlargement thus continues to be an indispensable element of a meaningful reform of the Council. At the same time, there is also a clear need to address other issues, such as the mechanisms for decision-making and in particular the implementation on Security Council resolutions - whether adopted under chapter VI or VII - and issues of legality. We hope that the initiative the Secretary-General presented last week will contribute to making the main organ that is at the center of the world's attention a more effective and representative body."

Lithuania
H.E. Antanas Valionis, Minister of Foreign Affairs
October 1, 2003

Anti-personnel mines: "…We feel it increasingly important to facilitate regional dialogue and action that contributes to the abolition of anti-personnel mines and to clearing up old unexploded ordinance. We have already started working with interested parties."

Non-proliferation of WMD: "Regrettably, terrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery continues to be on the list of our greatest security concerns. The Thessaloniki European Council declaration on non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and EU Basic Principles and Action Plan for countering proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction have been a well-defined response, which Lithuania joins and contributes to its implementation. Let me also recall The Hague Code of Conduct against proliferation of ballistic missiles that is yet another result of multilateral efforts and is worth of global universalisation.

"…We witness the willingness to adopt more effective measures to combat terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. Invariably, more conventional challenges can be dealt with by transparency and confidence building activities. As a new state party to the Ottawa Convention, Lithuania is committed to contribute practically to its implementation and promotion…"

Luxembourg

Macedonia
H.E. Mr. Oris Trajkovski, President
September 24, 2003

Conventional Disarmament: "On disarmament matters, having in mind our immediate concerns over the problem with small arms and light weapons, the Republic of Macedonia was an advocate of strong international action towards preventing, combating and eradicating illicit trade in small arms and light weapons, since this poses a serious threat not only to the security and stability of my country, but also for the broader region. We welcome the conclusions of the Biennial Meeting on implementing the 2001 UN Programme of Action to combat illicit trade in small arms and light weapons, held in July 2003, that progress had been made worldwide within barely two years of adopting the Programme of Action."

Terrorism: "The most serious contemporary threat for humanity is identified and visible. It is the evil of terrorism. The fight against terrorism was and must remain our highest priority. In this regard, it would be immensely helpful to make a commitment to reach a consensus in relation to the remaining disputed points in the process of drafting Conventions on international and nuclear terrorism."

Arms Spenditures: "We do believe that the greatness of countries is not dependent upon the size of their armies and number of weapons they possess, but upon the commitment and dedication of their citizens in regard to the noble ideas of humanity and legacy of our civilization. In this tremendous task to preserve our common treasury and to create a better world for the generations to come, we are more than willing to participate, because we are all equal to each other, while contributing to the common aim."

Madagascar (French Only)
H.E. Mr. Marc Ravalomana, President
September 25, 2003

Malawi
H.E. The Honourable Henry Chimunthu Banda, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
September 30, 2003

Multilateralism: "Time has demonstrated the cardinal place of multilateral approaches to international issues and problems. The Iraq situation has revealed to us all in the international community the importance of multilateralism under the umbrella of the United Nations whose central role in addressing international conflicts should not be undermined.

"…Malawi has paid close attention to the new international debate presently taking shape advocating a qualitative paradigm shift from policy frameworks and mere commitments in conferences to the concrete implementation of agreed action program, or what has become known as the New Multilateralism which aims at addressing the serious shortcomings of the existing multilateral policy prescriptions. The debate also seeks to effect a move in the right direction."

Terrorism: "I would like to express Malawi's sincere condolences to the families of the victims of the senseless and barbaric attack at the headquarters of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq that resulted into loss of lives, including that of the Special Representative of the Secretary General, Mr. Sergio Viera de Mello. The attack should warn us to remain focused on the fight against terrorism and ensure that the war against the scourge proceeds as a multilateral undertaking. We fully support the call that all those responsible for such attacks should be charged with war crimes."

Malaysia
H.E. Dato Seri Dr Mahathir Bin Mohamed, Prime Minister
September 25, 2003

Terrorism: "The world now lives in fear - the rich from terror attacks and the others from being made targets of suspicions and pre-emptive aggression."

Maldives
H.E. Fathulla Jameel, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

Disarmament/arms control: "The international community should maintain the high priority it has accorded to disarmament and arms control efforts, without any discrimination among nations or regions, to make the world a more peaceful place. The international community must strengthen and improve the enforcement of the non-proliferation regime. In this context, we believe that the United Nations must not only be at the centre of the multilateral processes, but should remain the principal player in grappling with important global issues. We believe, with unity of purpose, bilateral, regional and multilateral approaches, with complementarity to each other, can lead to the resolution of these issues."

Mali (French only)
H.E. Mr. Lassana Traoré, Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
September 25, 2003

Conventional Arms: "Il est déjà très encourageant de constater que la communauté internationale et singulièrement les Nations Unies font de la lutte contre la prolifération des armes légères une préoccupation majeure. Ceci est d'autant réconfortant que ces dix dernières années, les armes légères ont lourdement pesé sur le destin des peuples africains.

"…La circulation illicite des armes légères, en plus de ses effets désastreux pour l'espèce humaine, est un phénomène qui sape les fondements du développement économique et social. C'est l'occasion pour moi de me féliciter encore une fois de la mise en place par la CEDEAO d'un Mécanisme de prévention, de gestion, de règlement des conflits, de maintien de la paix et de la sécurité.

"L'Union Africaine à travers la Déclaration de Bamako et l'ONU à travers son programme d'actions sur le commerce illicite des armes légères et de petits calibres sous tous ses aspects ont contribué à appuyer la pertinence de ce combat.

"…Le Mali a inscrit comme priorités de son mandat à la tête de ce Réseau les thèmes de l'Education aux droits humains, les Enfants dans les conflits armés, la lutte contre la prolifération des armes légères,… "

Terrorism: "Le terrorisme constitue l'une des menaces les plus graves à la sécurité humaine. La lutte contre ce fléau passe par le renforcement des capacités nationales et régionales, après la phase de la ratification des différents instruments internationaux. Il convient ici de rappeler que le Mali a ratifié tous les instruments juridiques internationaux sur le terrorisme et ceux relatifs à la criminalité transnationale organisée, ainsi que son Protocole additionnel."

" Notre sécurité collective dépendra de notre capacité à régler les problèmes mondiaux. Aussi est-il impérieux de renforcer les capacités nationales et régionales afin de créer les conditions d'une riposte efficace et radicale au fléau du terrorisme."

Transfer of Weapons : "Le Mali qui assure, depuis le 10 mai 2003, la présidence du Réseau de la Sécurité Humaine, invite tous les états à se joindre à lui afin de faire aboutir l'initiative de la « Convention cadre sur les transferts internationaux des armes » en cours d'élaboration, dont la campagne de lancement est prévue en octobre prochain à Bamako. Ceci constituerait un pas significatif dans la mise en oeuvre du mandat donné par les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement de la CEDEAO pour la transformation du Moratoire sur les armes légères en convention internationale."

World Peace: "La paix et la sécurité sont quelques unes des valeurs cardinales que les peuples du monde entier ont en partage et voudront véritablement chérir. Elles sont aussi des conditions sine qua non à l'épanouissement social et au développement économique. Aussi, devrions-nous faire en sorte de les instaurer partout dans le monde, et par tous les moyens. Cela veut dire qu'il nous faut mettre fin aux différents conflits qui attisent le feu de la violence. Mais il est illusoire de vouloir gérer les grands conflits et les questions de sécurité, en général, en dehors du cadre multilatéral."

Malta
H.E. Mr. Edward Fenech, Adami, Prime Minister
September 25, 2003

Terrorism and Arms Control: "Among such issues, the question of security in all of its complex dimensions has this year assumed formidable proportions. One of the more disturbing aspects in this regard is the way the different dimensions of terrorism and of arms control have become intertwined. This link has become a factor in the sometimes contrasting perceptions of the sources of the security risks which are faced by states. In turn this has led to differences of emphasis on action priorities, even among states with otherwise very convergent policies and approaches. When such differences find reflection within the Security Council itself, there is a risk of erosion in the still fragile structure of international legitimacy."

Disarmament: "The question of armaments today confronts us at bewildering levels. At one extreme there is the outrageous reality of child soldiers brandishing conventional weapons of major lethal effect. At the other extreme, there is the increasingly credible prospect that terrorist groups will procure and use weapons of mass destruction to sow major tragedy and destruction in the heart of states. These extremes have intruded into the more traditional disarmament process that has itself moved forward hesitantly and intermittently over the years.

"Yet however hesitant and intermittent, the disarmament process has produced some results upon which we can build further. A range of agreements and instruments are already available concerning both weapons of mass destruction as well as conventional weapons. The more immediate challenges in this regard lie in the areas of compliance and verification.

"Over the last months, the European Union has been working on a comprehensive security strategy on the issues of non-proliferation and weapons of mass destruction. One of the key principles underpinning this strategy is the need to uphold and implement the multilateral treaties and agreements that exist in this area. Equally important is the need to support the multilateral institutions charged with the compliance and verification of these agreements. Primary among these institutions is the United Nations."

Counter-Terrorism: "The counter-terrorism measures put into place following the attack here in New York of 11 September 2001 provide tools which can have an effect if applied forcefully, universally and consistently. Our response must remain adamant and clear. At the same time, as the Secretary General reminds us, while there is an unquestionable need to confront terrorist groups with determination, this should never be at the expense of the commitment to human rights."

Marshall Islands
H.E. Mr. Alfred Capelle, Chairman of the Delegation
September 30, 2003

Nuclear Testing: "An ongoing issue of major concern for the Marshall Islands is that of nuclear weapons testing. The people and the environment of the Marshall Islands continue to suffer as a consequence of the nuclear weapons tests that were conducted in our territory between 1946 and 1958.

"As we continue to seek resolution of this issue our people continue to suffer from ongoing health effects, the food chain still contains dangerously high radiation levels, and our development capacity is restrained by an inability to use contaminated islands and atolls."

Terrorism: "At the outset, I wish to take this opportunity to express our deepest condolences to the bereaved families that lost loved ones in the recent bombing attack on the UN Headquarters in Baghdad. This tragic event was also a great loss to the international community. Such horrific acts of terrorism are utterly condemnable, and those responsible should be swiftly brought to justice.

"…One of the most important challenges facing the international community is the need for a comprehensive, unified response to combat acts of international terrorism. I am pleased to be able to say that the Marshall Islands has ratified all twelve of the core Conventions against terrorism. We are continually working to implement the provisions of Security Council resolution 1373, and we have taken many steps at the national level to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. We reiterate our solidarity with all member states that are working to eliminate terrorism in all its forms."

Mauritania
H.E. Mohamed Ould Tolba, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation
September 29, 2003

Terrorism: "Mon pays, tout en proclamant son attachement aux résolutions pertinentes du Conseil de sécurité, renouvelle sa ferme condamnation et sa dénonciation de la violence et du terrorisme sous toutes ses formes et réaffirme son appui à tous les efforts et initiatives régionaux et internationaux tendant à combattre ce fléau."

Mauritius
H.E. The Rt. Hon. Sir Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister
September 24, 2003

Nuclear Disarmament: "Mauritius views with concern that, despite the stated commitment of the international community to the cause of disarmament, the actions of many countries do not match their rhetoric.

"The new challenges to security and disarmament should compel us to look anew at the potential threat posed by nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction and to pursue more vigorously efforts towards their total elimination.

"We reiterate our appeal to the nuclear powers for the early convening of a conference on nuclear disarmament as a first step towards complete disarmament keeping in mind that such a regime must be comprehensive and non-discriminatory."

Small Arms: "Small arms and light weapons have in fact become the weapons of mass destruction on the African Continent. These weapons drain African resources and we appeal to those countries which manufacture and market these weapons of destruction to ensure that Africa does not continue to be their killing fields."

Terrorism: "Terrorism has continued relentlessly on its path of ghastly attacks and indiscriminate killing of innocent civilians. The geographical shift, however, in the terrorist attacks is becoming increasingly a disturbing development.

"…These horrendous terrorist acts have demonstrated anew the crucial need for the international community to tackle the root causes of terrorism.

"As all small islands, we in Mauritius, remain highly vulnerable in respect of our security and terrorist threats. With limited means at our disposal coupled with the multiple demands on our scanty resources we find that it is only through international efforts and cooperation that we can win the war against terrorism.

"We are particularly anxious that there be concerted and sustained action and a commitment to cooperation at international level with a view to eradicating the scourge of terrorism. All countries must cooperate to stem the flow of cross-border infiltration. The Financing of Terrorism and the proceeds of transnational organised crime need to be closely monitored.

"Not winning the war against terrorism as well as that against transnational organized crime is not an option for the world today."

Mexico
H.E. Vicente Fox Quesada, President of
September 24, 2003

Terrorism: "El compromiso de México contra el terrorismo es inequívoco. Combatirlo eficazmente exige no sólo una mayor y más intensa cooperación internacional, sino también la construcción de una nueva visión de la legalidad internacional.

"El combate al terrorismo no será eficiente sin un nuevo reconocimiento del derecho internacional y un sistema de Naciones Unidas con capacidad suficiente para hacerlo respetar."

WMD: "…Motivo de preocupación especial lo constituye el aumento de las tensiones en Asia, dada la existencia y desarrollo de armas de destrucción masiva."

Micronesia
H.E. Mr. Joseph J. Urusemal, President
September 23, 2003

International Security: "No part of our world is immune to the wide range of fundamental security threats. War and terrorism are only consequences of their deeper root causes, poverty, human injustice, and more recently, environmental degradation. These are most often discussed in the context of the more populous regions of the world, but I ask you not to overlook that they also present themselves to the Small Island Developing States.

"…The time is ripe for a new way of looking at international peace and security. No longer can economic, social and environmental issues exist in a parallel universe, divorced from geopolitical considerations. The linkages are becoming all too clear - as the alarming findings of this year's UNDP report on implementation of the Millennium Declaration confirm."

Monaco
H.E. Mr. Patrick LeClercq, Minister of State, Chief of the Government, and Director of External Relations
September 25, 2003

Terrorism: "Resolutely committed to participating in the efforts of the international community to rise to the most recent challenges with which it has been confronted, Monaco has ratified the twelve main international instruments relating to terrorism, putting into place the appropriate administrative structures and, furthermore, it has been the first State to ratify the Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, which will enter into force in the next few days, on 29 September."

Mongolia
H.E. Mr. Natsagiin Bagabandi, President
September 29, 2003

International disarmament regime: "As a state party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, conventions banning chemical and biological weapons and the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty, Mongolia deems it important to ensure their universality, to address the disarmament issues in a comprehensive manner, to further reduce all types of weapons, to bring the Conference on Disarmament out of its ongoing impasse and to strengthen monitoring mechanisms of the relevant multilateral treaties and agreements.”
Nuclear weapons: “As a nuclear-weapon-free country, Mongolia actively supports the establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones in other parts of the world. Mongolia believes that nuclear-weapon states should provide security guarantees to non-nuclear-weapon states and states-parties to the NPT and supports the conclusion of a multilateral treaty to that effect. Mongolia stands for a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula and a peaceful resolution of the DPRK's nuclear programme issue. In this regard we stand in favor of continuing the relevant multilateral talks."

Proliferation of WMD: "In addition to the traditional threats emanating from proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, the spread of missile technology and inter-and-intra-state conflicts, the non-traditional threats, including terrorism, organized crime, illegal drug trafficking, scarcity of drinking water, environmental pollution and global climate change are having adverse effects on regional and international security."

Morocco

Mozambique
H.E. Joaquim Alberto Chissano, President
September 24, 2003

Conventional Disarmament: "In order to conduct free and fair elections as envisaged in this agreement, all efforts must be exerted to ensure that the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration of all Combatants (DDR) is fully accomplished prior to elections. This must include all combatants involved in the conflict in Liberia, including mercenary forces. Without a doubt, based on previous experiences, DDR is the key for a lasting peace and stability in Liberia and the whole of West Africa."

International Security: "I would equally wish to commend the Secretary-General for his relentless efforts in turning the United Nations into an effective instrument for international cooperation in the search and preservation of peace and security, and in dealing with an ever-increasing array of challenges worldwide. I wish to encourage you, Mr. Secretary-General, to continue in this positive path.

"…In Maputo, we have also dealt with the issues of peace and security, for they continue to be the major challenge in Africa. We recognize that conflicts in the continent continue to undermine our efforts towards sustainable development.

"It is for this reason that we have reiterated the importance of the entry into force of the Peace and Security Council, an important organ of the African Union that will deal with issues related to conflict prevention, management and resolution."

Terrorism: "The recent tragic events, which have claimed so many innocent lives, are a painful reminder that international terrorism continues to represent a serious threat to peace and security in the world. They further demonstrated that no country is immune from the scourge of terror, and that it is through concerted action that we can effectively address this issue. The United Nations remains the most appropriate forum for the search of the best ways and means of combating terrorism.

"In Africa, we have adopted the 1999 OAU Convention on Prevention and Combating of Terrorism and other relevant instruments, as valuable tools for strengthening co-operation and provide a platform for effective action to suppress terrorism."

Myanmar
H.E. U Win Aung
September 29, 2003

Terrorism: "It is evident that the use of force alone cannot wipe out terrorism. If we wish to achieve enduring results, we must address such fundamental problems as the persistence of extreme poverty, disparity of income between and within countries, racial and religious prejudice and attempts by some countries to impose their values on small and developing countries.

"Terrorism poses a common threat to mankind. It respects neither borders nor religion nor race. All nations must therefore join hands to meet the challenge posed by terrorists. It is only through increased cooperation at the national, regional and international levels that we can hope to overcome this menace."

Namibia
H.E. The Honourable Hidipo Hamutenya, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 30, 2003

Multilateralism: "Yet, at times, as was the case with the war on Iraq, the United Nations was sidelined, and the unique legitimacy of its authority undermined, through unilateral actions. Such actions produced a general feeling of fear and uncertainty, especially among the small and weak nations of the world.

" This is why the central theme, that runs through nearly all the speeches at this Session, is the call for a return to multilateral dialogue, persuasion and collective action, as the only appropriate approach to resolving many conflicts facing the international community. Being a small country, Namibia echoes this call. Multilateralism must be the basis of global security, if smaller countries are not to feel that they are at the mercy of the stronger ones.

"But, as recent events have demonstrated, big powers, too, like the smaller ones, need a multilateral framework, as the more re-assuring environment for the execution of foreign policy."

Nauru
H.E. Vinci N. Clodumar, Chairman of the Delegation
October 1, 2003

WMDs and terrorism: "…States that feel uniquely vulnerable to terrorist acts see the real possibility of terrorists gaining access to weapons of mass destruction. This scenario has forced these States to develop an antidote of unilateral action primed with a 'pre-emptive' strike policy.

"…The antidote refer to above could be the catalyst in the new wave of proliferation in nuclear weapons, and it is not a coincident that the countries singled out as part of the "axis-of-evil" are being accused of developing nuclear weapons. Nauru joins the call on the concern countries to observe their obligations under the nuclear nonproliferation treaty and to allow the IAEA to inspect and verify that indeed nuclear weapons are not being developed."

Nepal
H.E. Dr. Bhekh B. Thapa, Ambassador
September 29, 2003

Disarmament: "Nepal supports the regional centers for peace and disarmament as significant tools for building confidence among nations. We are eagerly looking forward to hosting the Regional Center for Peace and Disarmament for Asia and the Pacific in Kathmandu. We have asked the Secretariat to revise the draft host country agreements so they are consistent with diplomatic practices and with provisions of other two centers."

Nuclear weapons: "Disarmament and confidence building measure are critical to build a culture of peace. Nuclear weapons are the greatest threat to humanity and must be eliminated with their delivery vehicles, in a timebound manner. Nuclear weapon states should steadily reduce their nuclear arsenals and the Conference on Disarmament must draw strategy to eradicate these arms."

Nuclear Weapon Free Zones: "As a nation committed to peace, Nepal welcomes the proposals to establish nuclear weapons free zones and to keep outer space free of weapons. We also stress the necessity to reinforce the chemical and biological weapons ban regimes and to strengthen measures to prevent the access of non-state actors to small arms and light weapons."

Netherlands
H.E. Mr. Jaap De Hoop Scheffer, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 26, 2003

Multilateralism: "We must act and we must act together. We need clear rules and strong institutions. Institutions that ensure that the rules of the multilateral game are respected, strengthened and enforced. We need a multilateral system with teeth, we need a multilateral system that works."

Nonproliferation: "I therefore welcome President Bush's proposal for a binding Security Council resolution, tightening up the non-proliferation rules. I suggest that we build on existing export control regimes and make them universal and legally binding. This approach would be in line with the successful example of UN Security Council Resolution 1373, containing binding obligations for states to take action against terrorism. Other elements in a more forceful multilateral system are: greater attention to conflict prevention, better use of sanctions ("smart sanctions"), an upgrading of the International Atomic Energy Agency's inspections regime and, as suggested by President Chirac, a permanent instrument for inspections at the disposal of the Security Council."

"…The European Union's new emphasis on countering the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in its common foreign and security policy is an example of how we want to be in the vanguard of our common efforts.

Nuclear Proliferation: "Take the growing danger of the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Can we allow a few countries to reject the rules agreed to by 187 other countries? Can we run the risk of countries turning into suppliers of nuclear arms to terrorist organizations? No, we cannot. And if today's rules cannot avert states putting humanity at risk, we must tighten those rules. And we must be ready to collectively enforce them."

Terrorism: "This atrocity and the other murderous attacks we have seen in the past two years are chilling evidence that terrorists are ruthlessly targeting the civilized world. Terrorism is a direct threat to us all, to humanity as a whole.

"…And speaking of human rights: there is no doubt that terrorism itself ranks as one of the most serious threats to democracy and the enjoyment of human rights. Terrorists seek to destroy democracy, freedom and tolerance. If we sacrifice those universal values in the struggle against terrorists, we play into their hands."

WMD: :Weapons of mass destruction are the other direct threat: an even worse threat if such weapons were to fall into the hands of terrorists."

New Zealand
H.E. The Honourable Phil Goff, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade
September 26, 2003

International Disarmament Regime: “New Zealand calls on all countries to commit and adhere to multilateral disarmament and arms control treaties.

"…The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty is equally about nuclear disarmament. The commitment given by the nuclear weapons states, reaffirmed unequivocally at the NPT Review Conference in 2000, to give up their nuclear weapons must be honoured.

"The nuclear powers have a particular responsibility in this respect. They must lead by example against proliferation. Meaningful steps toward permanent disarmament would add to their moral authority in demanding that others must not develop nuclear weapons capacity."

Non-Nuclear Weapons States: “North Korea’s proclaimed nuclear weapons programme is a major concern. We urge North Korea to resume its cooperation with the IAEA and its commitment to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The current multilateral dialogue process is a positive way forward. We commend China for facilitating this.

"Iran too must heed the strong message of the international community and take the urgent steps required to restore confidence that its nuclear intentions are peaceful.

Terrorism: “Mr President, over the last year we have witnessed ongoing terrorist attacks including Casablanca, Riyadh and Jakarta, as well as in Baghdad.

"Next month is the first anniversary of the terrorist attack in Bali, in which more than 200 people lost their lives. And this city itself was victim of the 9/11 attacks which cost 3,000 lives. International terrorism remains a primary threat to the safety and wellbeing of people across the world.

"If we are to defeat terrorism regional cooperation is imperative. In the Asia Pacific region a concerted response to terrorism is now at the centre of the ASEAN Regional Forum agenda and becoming increasingly important in APEC.

"The Pacific Islands Forum is responding collectively to security challenges including terrorism, transnational crimes, and challenges to national integrity and independence.
An effective campaign against terrorism requires international collaboration on intelligence, military, social and economic measures.

"New Zealand is aware that while we focus on the symptoms of terrorism, the international community must work together to tackle the conditions that foster it. We welcome the Norwegian initiative to strengthen our analysis of the causes of terrorism.

"There are no ends that can justify the death and maiming of vulnerable and innocent people.
New Zealand has since 1972 supported the development of a comprehensive international regime to outlaw terrorism. I hope that the General Assembly will be able to move forward on this issue and conclude the comprehensive and nuclear terrorism conventions.

"In combating terrorism, however, we should avoid undermining the very values we are seeking to uphold. The fight against terrorism should not become an excuse to justify actions that do not conform to international standards of humanity.

"…In failed or weak states, governments often lack the capacity or will to exercise territorial control. This can create a power vacuum for terrorist organisations and criminals to exploit to maintain safe havens, training facilities, and bases for launching terrorist operations.

"…We are engaged in a number of activities including establishing border security systems and drafting model legislation to address terrorism and transnational organised crime."

WMD: “Mr. President, the shared nightmare of all states is that weapons of mass destruction or the materials from which they can be constructed will find their way into the terrorist arsenal. The possibility of nuclear weapons in the hands of terrorists is a worst case scenario with horrific implications. We must do everything we can to prevent this from happening.
The possible acquisition of nuclear weapons by terrorist groups increases as the numbers and types of these weapons, and the states which possess them, continue to expand.

"For these and other reasons the elimination of these weapons is vital."

Nicaragua
H.E. Mr. Enrique Bolanos Geyer, President
September 24, 2003

International Security: "My country's commitment to democratic security is consistent with the struggle for peace and the establishment of a just international order.

"Who can make a more effective contribution to preventing war than those who have known it?

"We Nicaraguans have suffered the horrors and aftermath of war. The candidacy of Nicaragua will contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security."

Landmines: "Joint cooperation by the international community has been particularly meaningful for mine clearance activities in my country, where substantial progress has been made thanks to the fine work of national and international institutions participating in this humanitarian endeavour, and the professionalism of the Army sappers.

"As a token of the gratitude of the Nicaraguan people, we have decided to participate in the purely humanitarian mission involving mine clearance and the provision of medical support to the civilian population in Iraq as a way of repaying the generosity with which many countries came to our aid in the past in our hour of greatest need."

Multilateralism: "Nicaragua comes before this General Assembly to propose that we forge a new era in the world order and cooperate actively within the multilateral system to combat (among other scourges) terrorism, corruption, drug trafficking, trafficking in arms and persons and transnational crime, which are harmful to the consolidation of democracy and progress."

Small Arms: "On 17 July, at the meeting of Central American Presidents in Guatemala, I submitted a proposal for a 'Programme for Arms Limitation and Control in Central America in order to Achieve a Reasonable Balance of Power and to Foster Stability, Mutual Trust and Transparency'.

"The idea behind my Government's proposal is to establish the necessary controls and a reasonable balance of power and implement modern policies for defence and regional public security by strengthening mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes, an issue which was subsequently espoused by the Central American Presidents gathered in Belize earlier this month, and on which technical teams area already working.

"In the current situation, international trafficking in small arms and light weapons is equally worthy of our attention. Nicaragua will soon be the headquarters for a major project to achieve progress in this area as well."

Terrorism: "Last month, we were all shocked by the terrorist attack on United Nations headquarters in Baghdad.

"…The world must not be intimidated by terrorism. The role of the United Nations as a guarantor of collective security is irreplaceable."

Niger

Nigeria
H.E. Mr. Olusegun Obsanjo, President
September 23, 2003

International Peace and Security: "The changes that are being made in the Council's working method to make it more open to non-members are appreciated; however, these are no more than marginal. I wish again to re-iterate Nigeria's long held conviction that what is required is a more fundamental reform, which will democratise and thus reposition the Security Council to enable it respond to issues of international peace and security in a more comprehensive, objective and effective manner. The overwhelming membership of our organisation demand no less in the interest of its continued relevance.

"…Neither the Bretton Woods institutions nor the Paris and London Clubs alone, can provide lasting solution and relief. l, therefore, believe that this issue is of such significance for the peace and development of a large portion of the world community, that we need to create a mechanism within the United Nations to address the problem in its full scope and based on the principle of joint responsibility of debtors and creditors alike."

Small Arms: "The proliferation of small arms and light weapons has been identified as one of the major factors that fuel conflicts. An effective strategy in dealing with this proliferation is the control of the illicit trade in this category of weapons from the countries of origin and their transfer to intermediaries and arms merchants. We therefore call for early conclusion of negotiations of a legally binding international instrument to control the indiscriminate supply of small arms and light weapons, especially to non-state actors. In keeping with our commitment to the eradication of these weapons, ECOWAS has already established and renewed a Moratorium on the importation of small arms and light weapons. To make the Moratorium as effective as intended, we call for effective cooperation of all producer countries."

Terrorism: "The issue of terrorism has been of great preoccupation to our organisation in the past few years. Several instances of terrorist attack continue to surface in different parts of the world involving the loss of innocent lives and vast destruction of properties. Nigeria reiterates its condemnation of terrorism in all its manifestations, and joins other Member States in the global determination to combat this veritable threat to national as well as international security. We support the work of the Counter Terrorism Committee, and reaffirm our conviction that a comprehensive convention on international terrorism will constitute an important instrument for the protection of individual and collective rights to life."

Norway
H.E. Mr. Jan Petersen, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 30, 2003

Multilateralism, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation: "We need to strengthen the role of the United Nations in multilateral disarmament, arms control and non-proliferation.

"…We are confident that strengthening and making full use of this multilateral framework is the way to go.

"…Multilateralism has come under pressure from those who continue to question the primacy of the United Nations - and therefore look elsewhere for solutions.

"The answer to this challenge is to make the United Nations more effective and thus more relevant in dealing with issues at the top of the international agenda. By increasing the relevance of the United Nations we can increase its authority and legitimacy."

Terrorism: "Terrorism is a dark force, which targets the very values and norms upon which the United Nations Charter is based. An overwhelming majority of Member States have joined forces to fight it - and we have taken some important steps together.

"...Fighting terrorism, strengthening human security, working for development and preventing conflict are challenges that are closely related."

WMD: "We need to agree on strong and effective regimes that can provide reliable protection against weapons of mass destruction."

Oman
H.E. Yousef Bin Alawi Bin Abdullah, Minister Responsible of Foreign Affairs
October 1, 2003

Disarmament: "There is no doubt that the United Nations' efforts in the field of disarmament are leading nowhere. These efforts may become a cry in the wilderness that hears only its own echo, so long as member states of the United Nations, cannot count on an effective system of collective guarantees to safeguard their security. Without such a system private assessments of the level and quality of weapons needed would become a purely individual responsibility of every elite and every Government. This would open the door wide for a vicious armament circle, and not for progress towards disarmament or the reduction of armaments."

Small and light weapons (illicit trade): "Here, we would like to state the applicable laws in the Sultanate of Oman, which prohibits illegal circulation of small arms, and regulate their acquisition by groups allowed to carry arm, in accordance with rigid conditions and criteria, for the safety and security of citizens."

Small Arms and Light Weapons (reduction): "Moreover, my countries thinks that it is essential to have co-operation and exchange of information among states to reduce the illegal trafficking of small arms and light weapons."

Pakistan
H.E. General Pervez Musharraf, President
September 24, 2003

Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: "Apart from addressing Kashmir, sustainable security in South Asia requires India and Pakistan to institute measures to ensure mutual nuclear restraint and a conventional arms balance. Unfortunately, India is embarked on a massive build-up of its conventional and non-conventional military capabilities - advanced offensive aircraft, ballistic and cruise missiles, ABM systems, nuclear submarines and an aircraft carrier. This will destabilize South Asia and erode strategic deterrence. Those powers which desire peace, stability find security in South Asia - and oppose the proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction - must review their decisions to offer such major strategic weapons systems to India. They must contribute to maintaining arms restraint and a military balance in South Asia."

Terrorism: "The terrible terrorist atrocity of 9/11 jolted the foundations of the international system. The response has weakened Al-Qaeda. But, it has not eliminated its associates. Terrorists have struck repeatedly around the world - in Indonesia, Tunisia, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Kenya - and in Pakistan.

"The tragedy of 9/11 transformed security policies and changed geopolitical calculations. Pakistan took a strategic decision, based on the principles of humanity and our national interest, to support the war on terrorism. Our intentions should be in no doubt. Our actions speak louder than words. Our capabilities were limited but have been progressively improved. We are acting against Al-Qaeda and its associates effectively. We have also acted against other organizations or groups involved in any form of terrorism. Pakistan will remain in the forefront of the war on terrorism.

"The war against terrorism must be fought comprehensively, on a global front, with vision and understanding. It should not erode the moral values of our societies. It must not be hijacked by those who seek to use it as an excuse to suppress other peoples. It must not be allowed to engender a clash of civilizations - a clash between Islam and the West."

Palau
H.E. Mrs. Sandra Pierantozzi, Vice-President and Minister of Health
September 30, 2003

International Security: "To be effective at ensuring international peace and security, all nations, large and small, must be represented in the United Nations."

Terrorism: "To this end, the Republic of Palau reaffirms its unwavering support of the war, led by the United States, against terrorism. We all benefit when nations come together to deter aggression and terrorism, to resolve conflicts, to prevent the spread of diseases, to prevent the spread of dangerous weapons, to promote democracy and human rights, to open markets and create economic and financial stability, to raise standards of living, to protect the environment-to face this myriad of challenges that no nation can meet alone.

"…And so with these, I ask the world here today, at the United Nations 58th General Assembly, to study and discuss the roots of terrorism and possible solutions including inter-religious intervention, to promote conservation standards to protect our earth environment, to promote world public health, to protect the human dignity by banning the cloning of human embryos, and to continue our quest for peace and security for all peoples of the world."

WMD and Terrorism: "Weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, drug trafficking, and other international crimes are global concerns that transcend national borders."

Palestine

Panama
H.E. Harmodio Arias Cerjack, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

Small Arms and Light Weapons: "In July of this year we celebrated here the First Biennial Meeting to assess implementation of the Program of Action adopted in 2001 by the United Nations Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects.

"During that 2001 conference, the delegation of Panama urged, among other things, that attention be focused on the following needs, as expressed by many participants:
- To eliminate the culture of violence.
- To broaden the field of action in terms of disarmament, maintaining or consolidating peace, and combating criminal organizations.
- To establish proper controls for intermediaries.
- To design markings, reliable registries and proper mechanisms for tracking weapons.
- To strengthen the regional exchange of information; and
- To establish a monitoring mechanism under the United Nations General Assembly.

"We are yet some distance from achieving these objectives, both nationally and internationally, but we believe that the biennial meeting that we have just held has injected new vigor into the efforts that we must all make to keep our commitments.

"We repeat the proposal that we made at that conference, to the effect that the purposes and the code of conduct that the first two articles of the United Nations Charter demand of member states must be taken as indispensable steps for securing peace and understanding among the nations of the world."

Trafficking and trade of small and light weapons: "We would also stress that the massive clandestine trafficking in small arms and light weapons, which fuels internal conflicts, dictatorships, guerrilla movements and international terrorism, can only be blocked through close international cooperation. With equal determination, we must pursue the networks of traffickers in narcotics and diamonds that take advantage of bogus firms and banks, that thrive by corrupting public officials, and that are working constantly for the destruction of our societies.

"We are pleased to announce here our support for the proposal made at the Biennial Meeting of the United Nations Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects by the distinguished Permanent Representative of Costa Rica, to the effect that the Program of Action must not ignore the violations of human rights and of international humanitarian law committed by those States that engage in this nefarious trade.

"In effect, Mr. President, the Report of the Sub-Commission of the Human Rights Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights, at its 44th session, highlights the undeniable impact that the availability and misuse of these weapons has in these areas. Moreover, we share the conclusions of the third report on small arms prepared by the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva, which showed that such trafficking can have a direct impact on the development prospects of our countries, not only through the terror that it sows among the public, but also through the deaths and injuries for which it is responsible, the creation of concentrations of refugees, and the consequent collapse of essential services."

Papua New Guinea
http://www.un.org/webcast/ga/58/statements/papueng031001.htm
H.E. Sir Rabbie L. Namaliu, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Immigration
October 1, 2003

Proliferation of small and light weapons: "Whilst issues of greater political and security risks are of concern to us, the real threat at this stage is the proliferation of small arms and light weapons.

"Small arms and light weapons have not only destabilized regions, sparked, fueled and prolonged conflicts but also obstructed relief programmes, undermined peace initiatives, exacerbated human rights abuses, hampered development, and fostered a 'culture of violence.'

"There are no international treaties or other legal instruments for dealing effectively with this category of weapons.

"In this context, Papua New Guinea welcomes the call for the immediate and full implementation of the Plan of Action to curb and eradicate the flow of small arms and light weapons."

Paraguay (Spanish only)
H.E. Don Nicanor Duarte Frutos, President of
September 23, 2003

Terrorism: "Y con la misma fuerza con quo abogamos por la paz ecum6nica, condenamos el terrorismo en todas sus manifestaciones y procedencias. En el Paraguay nos hemos comprometido, y to estamos cumpliendo decididamente, a combatir sus nidos de incubaci6n y su brazo financiero, el narcotrdfico…."

World Peace/UN Reform: "Lastimosamente, mientras en este recinto sagrado de la paz mundial forjamos un horizonte de ideales y utopias, no sabemos c6mo terminar con las guerras, puesto que en varios puntos de la geografia mundial la carrera armamentista no cesa.

"Como lideres de nuestras respectivas naciones, reitero, estamos obligados a terminar con la vieja dialktica amigo-enemigo, que desgasta y debilita, y utilizar esa energia y esos recursos para garantizar un desarrollo social sim6trico en los países econ6micamente menos favorecidos.

"…En ese contexto, el Paraguay apoya la aspiraci6n de Amdrica Latina y otros continentes de tener una representaci6n más amplia en el Consejo de Seguridad, donde la presencia de Brasil como Miembro Permanente materializarii los grandes y legitimos intereses de nuestra regi6n."

Peru
H.E. Mr. Alejandro Toledo, President of
September 23, 2003

International Security: "Peru has no doubt that multilateralism is the best instrument to confront global challenges, as well as to guarantee peace and international security. For that reason, the United Nations is indispensable. All Member States must have the conviction to strengthen it, and the courage to reform it, in order to face the new agenda of international security; to emphasize the fight against poverty; to maintain the development agenda; to assure democracy and to fight decisively against drug trafficking and international terrorism."

Philippines
H.E. Mrs. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
September 26, 2003

International Security: "The principle of collective security established under the UN Charter should be observed.

"…Observance of the rule of law is of paramount importance in the maintenance of international peace and security.

"…International security-which in recent experience is mostly threatened by imploding and failed states-must be animated by the need to protect individuals and communities from violence."

Terrorism: "Meanwhile, the challenges posed by the global threat of terrorism are being effectively addressed through growing international coordination and cooperation, particularly in the exchange of information, best practices and lessons learned.

"We are actively assisting the work of the UN Security Council’s Counter-Terrorism Committee in fighting the specter of global terrorism, and is in the process of ratifying the important international conventions on terrorism. At the same time, I am working with other heads of state to ensure continued cooperation in our battle to rid Southeast Asia of the threat of terrorism"

Poland
H.E. Dr. Wlodzimierz Cimoszewicz, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 25, 2003

International Security/UN Reform: "Believe that the best way to create proper conditions for-unconstrained debate on the future of the UN is to engage outstanding public figures of international stature in an informal setting. I suggested at the time that a Group of Eminent Personalities be charged with the task of producing an outline of the document, which would then be submitted for assessment by Member States. The composition of the Group should, on the one hand, ensure its independence, appropriate intellectual format and knowledge of international affairs, and on the other, excellent moral standing and political weight to guarantee the highest rank of the document designed to serve as an inspiration to member states. Thus, an essentially intellectual exercise initiated outside the institutional framework of the United Nations could be transformed into a political process, culminating in the adoption of the New Act by the General Assembly.

"…I wholeheartedly support his views on the need for review and possibly a radical reform of the international security architecture, as reflected in his latest report on the implementation of the United Nations Millennium Declaration, as well as his timely proposals voiced at the outset of our debate. Indeed, we can no longer safely assume that our current multilateral rules and institutions have a sufficient capacity to confront the array of old and new threats to peace and security.

" Since I presented my proposal last September, we have consulted the idea extensively with government representatives of a number of countries. A rich volume of suggestions and comments has been collected, invaluable in developing the initiative. In the consultation process we were encouraged by the shared view of many countries on the need to adapt the United Nations to current challenges."

Proliferation: "We are confronted with terrorism of global reach, motivated by extremist ideology and unconstrained in its readiness to inflict massive casualties. We are facing growing risks of proliferation of deadly weapons and spread of organized crime often accompanying state failure."

Portugal
H.E. Jose Manuel Durão Barroso, Prime Minister
September 23, 2003

Disarmament: "I am referring to the need for the establishment of a real preventive culture by the United Nations in matters of armed conflicts. In this context, we agree with the relevance the Secretary-General attributes to preventive diplomacy, to disarmament and non-proliferation measures, to peace building, to respect for human rights, to good government and to the development agenda."

International Peace and Security: "Portugal believes that the United Nations should have a central role in the definition of a global strategy for fighting terrorism, largely because maintaining international peace and security depends on the outcome of this fight. It is a fight we must undertake without losing our souls, that is to say, the values on which this Organisation is built. And it is for this reason that more security is necessary but also more democracy, more dialogue between cultures and civilizations, more development, more and better environmental protection measures and a drastic reduction in poverty."

Terrorism: "We are also 'condemned' to understand, sooner or later, that we are facing common threats which require common responses. At the forefront of these threats is terrorism. In fact, a new type of terrorism, the terrorism of mass destruction that configures a crime against humanity. The terrorism which kills blindly and indiscriminately in New York, in Bali, in Casablanca and in Nairobi, in the name of "non-values" presented as "values" on ideological and religious grounds.

"…Portugal believes that the United Nations should have a central role in the definition of a global strategy for fighting terrorism, largely because maintaining international peace and security depends on the outcome of this fight. It is a fight we must undertake without losing our souls, that is to say, the values on which this Organisation is built. And it is for this reason that more security is necessary but also more democracy, more dialogue between cultures and civilizations, more development, more and better environmental protection measures and a drastic reduction in poverty.

"It is also vital that this fight be undertaken in the name of, and with respect for, our law - International Law. The concept of "rule of law" should have real global resonance. This is why we defend the improvement of the laws in force, namely through the negotiation of a Global Convention on International Terrorism. But we must also bear in mind that International Law will be irrelevant without the imposition, if necessary by force, of its norms."

Qatar
H.E. Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jabr Al-Thani, First Deputy Prime Minister
September 26, 2003

Terrorism: "The phenomenon of terrorism and extremism has constituted and still constitutes one of the most important challenges facing the world. While expressing our total rejection for and condemnation of this subversive phenomenon, regardless of its source and motives, and in all its forms and manifestations, we affirm our stand by the international community and our support for whatever steps and measures that it takes to eliminate terrorism and consolidate the underpinnings of security and stability."

Republic of Korea
H.E. Mr. Yoon Young-kwan, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade
September 25, 2003

International Security/Non-Proliferation/Missiles/CTBT: "On the global security front, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and its potentially devastating linkage to terrorism loom as a grave and perilous threat. The global nuclear non-proliferation regime based on the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) currently faces unprecedented challenges.

"How we deal with these challenges will have a decisive bearing on the future of not only the non-proliferation regime, but also on the international security environment as a whole. Recent cases have proven that the existing nuclear non-proliferation regime has inherent limitations when it comes to dealing with determined proliferators.

"While reiterating the importance of achieving the universality of the NPT and strengthening the safeguards system through universal adherence to the Additional Protocol to the IAEA Safeguards Agreements, we underscore the need to close the loopholes in the current regime.
In this regard, we stress the vital role of bilateral, multilateral and regional approaches among countries sharing common security interests to reinforce and supplement the NPT. Also imperative is the role of export control arrangements among potential suppliers of relevant components and technologies for WMD.

"To this end, my Government hosted the Plenary Meeting of the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) last May and will also host a Plenary Meeting of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) next year.

"We further believe that the nuclear weapons states can do a great service to the cause of non-proliferation by complying with their share of the nuclear disarmament obligations under the NPT and working harder to achieve the early entry into force of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty."

Republic of Moldova
H.E. Mr. Vladimir Voronin, President
September 23, 2003

International Peace and Security: "Peace and security on our planet may constitute the surety for adopting by all states a joint stand towards the acknowledgement of modem social, economic, political and legal standards."

Terrorism: "International community undertook enormous efforts to provide that such phenomena alien to the spirit and aspirations of the contemporary world as poverty, oppression, terrorism, danger of an ecological disaster are perceived as motives for general concern that led, in its turn, to mobilisation of all nations' forces. We notice how international community goes further than adopting emotive humanitarian declarations to establishing institutions and organisations which do not only most actively analyses this or that problem, but also corrects the economic, social and political developments wherever they take place.

"…It is more than sure that there is no other way. Nowadays, the humankind is more vulnerable as never before to the crises and disasters of any scope and degree. That is why present civilisation does not have and should not have local problems, does not have and should not have dark corners where, like in an orangery, there may bloom the terrorism, repression and defiant disdain to the opinion of international community."

Romania
H.E. Mr. Mircea Geoana, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 24, 2003

Multilateralism and Terrorism: "As befits a state that will soon be a member of both the European Union and NATO, we believe in the multilateral approach to tackling terrorism, the proliferation of WMD, organized crime, and violation of human rights."

Non-proliferation: "International non-proliferation legal regimes should be strengthened in order to prevent determined proliferators from breaching their international obligations. And countries of proliferation concern, could be subjected to diplomatic and economic pressure, which is most effective, when applied multilaterally."

Terrorism and WMD: "Terrorism; the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; the rising number of failing states; global disparities: these are some of the most worrying hallmarks of our times. The speed and unevenness of global processes intensify the complexity and pervasive nature of these threats to our security and prosperity.

"We already possess an important range of tools to tackle threats like terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. These should now be implemented in a more responsible and effective manner. For example, the Counter-Terrorism Committee should be given more professional resources in order to be more effectively acting to streamline national legislation on uprooting the financial sources of terrorism and monitoring its implementation."

Russian Federation
H.E. Mr. Vladimir V. Putin, President
September 25, 2003

PAROS: "Today, Russia announces its obligation not to be the first to deploy offensive strike weapons in outer space. We stand for developing a comprehensive agreement on this issue and invite all countries possessing space potential to join our initiative. The Russian initiative on building, under the auspices of the United Nations, a global system to counter new threats has already been supported by the General Assembly. We propose adopting a new resolution in the course of this session that would specify further steps in this direction."

Non-Proliferation/Terrorism/Nuclear Energy: "The ways of eradicating these threats are well-known. These include further universilization of the existing non-proliferation regimes, the strengthening of international verification instruments, and the introduction of safe technology in nuclear production and energy. By and large, it is renunciation by States of excessive arsenals and military programmemes capable of undermining the politico-military balance and trigger an arms race."

Terrorism: "I would especially note the role of the Counter-Terrorism Committee of the UN Security Council. Terrorism is a challenge to the security and economic future of the planet. That is why this Committee must become a real and practical instrument of effective struggle against the terrorist threat."

Rwanda (French only)
H.E. Mr. Bernard Makusa, Prime Minister
September 25, 2003

Disarmement/Peace Initiatives: "Le Rwanda se réjouit (de la conclusion) du processus de paix en République Démocratique du Congo ayant conduit à la formation d'un Gouvernement inclusif de transition et à la réunification de ce pays.

"Nous sommes disposés à travailler avec ce nouveau gouvernement ainsi que la MONUC pour arriver au désarmement, à la démobilisation et aux rapatriement effectifs, comme prévu dans les accords de Lusaka et Pretoria, des ex-FAR et les milices Interahamwe dont les activités belliqueuses sont à l'origine même des deux regretables entre nos deux pays.

" Quant à la situation au Burundi, elle exige encore une attention soutenue de la part de la communauté internationale.

"Le Rwanda en appelle, à ce titre, à toutes les parties (de faire preuve d'intérêts supérieurs des burundais) pour rallier les initiatives de paix en cours et fortement appuyées par les pays de la région afin de mettre un terme aux innommables souffrances de la population burundaise."

Saint Kitts and Nevis
H.E. Dr. Timothy Harris, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Education
September 29, 2003

Terrorism: “In addition, Mr. President, we need the United Nations and its specialized agencies to fight terrorism. I insist that we cannot fight terrorism on one front. Terrorism and the means of execution are constantly changing. We must tackle it on all fronts through collective international resolve and responses. The United Nations has the international legitimacy to reach where armies and guns may not prevail. We must ready the United Nations for these challenges even while pressing for reform. We must encourage it to reinvent itself, where necessary, to meet old, current and emerging challenges.”

Saint Lucia
H.E. Dr. Kenny D. Anthony, Prime Minister
September 23, 2003

International Peace and Security: "Indeed, Secretary General Kofi Annan was moved to state that ‘it is uncertain whether the consensus and the vision that the Millennium Declaration expressed are still intact.’ Saint Lucia therefore calls on the international community to heed the appeal of our esteemed Secretary General to seek balance between the imperatives of military security and human security. In the interest of redistributive justice, global peace and security, the developed countries must not renege on their commitments to the developing world in the areas of trade, debt relief and aid.

"…By now, it should be clear to us all that poverty issues are inseparable from human rights issues, as are environmental issues from economic and political development issues. National security and international stability can only be realized where there is justice."

Terrorism: "It has become abundantly clear that the international community will not succeed in its war against terrorism, if it fails to address root causes. The current war on terrorism is designed to capture, confine or eliminate existing terrorist webs without addressing the causes of terrorism. Terrorism does not simply stem from the arrogance and madness of a few dictators and misguided fanatics - it is also the result of deep-seated inequity, and sometimes, bigotry. If the status quo denies opportunity, freedom and fulfilment to those who hunger and dwell in despair, the appeal of chaos and extremism as an avenue to change becomes that much more attractive. If on the other hand, we perceive that the world order works in all our interests then there will be universal commitment to sustain that order. Consequently, it is imperative that the international community jointly address economic injustice and political exclusion as common enemies of us all."

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
H.E. Loius Straker, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Commerce
October 1, 2003

Terrorism and weapons: "Mr. President, unless we can collectively find the courage and vision to tackle the problems of poverty, disease and despair, all the weapons in the world will not prevent the spread of terrorism. We need to move beyond using the United Nations as a talk shop and come together as responsible nations to tackle the root causes of terrorism."

Samoa
H.E. The Hon. Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister
September 26, 2003

Terrorism: "For Samoa, I reaffirm our strong support for the relevant Security Council resolutions against terrorism. These resolutions provide clear signal of our determination to suppress terrorist activities, including training, international movement and financing. In this area, Samoa continues to align its domestic policies and legislation with the work of the Counter Terrorism Committee, as well as participate actively in the regional security measures undertaken in the Pacific region."

Weapons of Mass Destruction: "Samoa is most seriously concerned about the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction - chemical, biological and nuclear weapons. The determination of some countries to seek to bring such weapons into existence - particularly nuclear weapons - is cause for alarm and a serious threat to international peace and security. The internationally agreed instruments to control the manufacturing, transportation and deployment of weapons of mass destruction must be strengthened and implemented. Above all, State parties must adhere and honour their obligations to these treaties. Samoa joins the call for effective disarmament and total elimination of weapons of mass destruction."

San Marino
H.E. Mr. Fiorenzo Stolfi, Minister for Foreign and Political Affairs
September 26, 2003

Anti-Personnel Mines: "San Marino will continue to participate in the joint action for the total elimination of anti-personnel mines, and in this context, urges Countries that have not yet done so to accede to the Ottawa Convention."

Terrorism: "…San Marino reaffirms its decision to reject any form of terrorism and to fully contribute to its defeat, as testified by the Republic accession to several international instruments of the United Nations and of the European Organizations.

"Similarly, San Marino has promptly followed up to Resolution 1373 and will continue to monitor terrorism also at a domestic level, as evidenced by the implementation of the guidelines to fight this phenomenon and its related aspects.

"Terrorism, besides being inspired by fanaticism and fundamentalism, is too often linked to conditions of under-development and injustice. Its victims may in turn become instruments of violence and oppression.

"However, terrorism can be countered also by actively supporting international cooperation programmes to overcome disparities, poverty, discrimination and prevarication, violation of the rights of individuals and peoples, total lack of opportunities, and therefore hopelessness, mainly for younger generations, the future of mankind."

Sao Tome and Principe
H.E. Mr. Mateus Meira Rita, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation
September 30, 2003

Multilateralism: "Mr. President, we must all work together to strengthen multi-lateral cooperation and ensure that the United Nations and all its agencies continue to be the for a forum where all members states can promote dialogue and ensure world peace, security, democracy and development."

Nonproliferation and WMD: "The world is a less secure place today than it was just a year ago. The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction continues, non-proliferation treaties notwithstanding. We must ensure the universality of these treaties and the compliance with same under the authority of the Security Council."

Terrorism: "We observe with great concern the spread of terrorist acts across the globe, ranging from tragic examples like Bali in Asia, to Palestine and Israel in the Middle East, to Spain and the U.K. in Europe, to Kenya and Tanzania in Africa, to Columbia in Latin America and right here to New York and other sites in North America. But fighting violence with violence is not enough. We must go to the root of the problem, and this is the task of the United Nations."

Saudi Arabia
H.R.H. Prince Saud Al-Faisal, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

Elimination of WMDs: "The government of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques lends all its attention and consideration to the efforts aimed at eliminating weapons of mass destruction from the Middle East, including the region of the Arabian Gulf. We support the efforts of the Arab League, culminating in the Resolution of its Council in its 101st Session that calls for making this sensitive part of the world free of weapons of mass destruction of all kinds: nuclear, chemical or biological.

" What surprises us is that at a time when the International Atomic Energy Agency is intensifying its efforts and monitoring member countries of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, we see that it continues to ignore the rejection of Israel in not joining that Treaty, thus making its nuclear program outside international monitoring. This constitutes a serious threat to the security and stability of the whole region.

" Inasmuch as we believe in the importance of increasing the effectiveness of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty through activation of the guarantees system and the means of inspections and monitoring and internationalizing these means, we also believe in the importance of establishing safeguards and standards to promote development in all areas of eradication of weapons of mass destruction. Accordingly, we encourage all countries that have not yet joined the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty to take the necessary steps to do so and to make available their nuclear installations to the international monitoring system.

Terrorism and WMDs: "…His Excellency the Secretary-General referred with all clarity and transparency to the growing trend towards unilateral action outside the realm of international legitimacy in dealing with current problems such as terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. This excessive trend to resort to unilateral action on the basis of the right of self-defense could undermine the principle of collective security on which the Charter was founded. We stressed this in the Millennium Declaration that was issued by the General Assembly three years ago."

Senegal

Serbia and Montenegro
H.E. Mr. Svetozar Marovic, President
September 24, 2003

Multilateralism and Terrorism: "We can defeat terrorism only if we all join forces. That is why multilateralism for us has no alternative and the United Nations is a guarantee for that. Both today and tomorrow."

Terrorism: "That is why we are sure that life can be better for all peoples. With this hope, we subscribe to all those that perceive terrorism as one of the greatest evils facing the present-day world.

"…Terrorism is not a problem only for the rich countries. As the Secretary-General said yesterday, it is a problem of every man and every country the same as it is the problem of parents who lost their children just because they chose to swim in the river and belonged to a different religion and nationality.

"We deplore their death, the same as we deplore the terrorist attack in Baghdad, death of innocent people, death of Sergio Viera de Mello. We condemn this as all humane, civilized and progressive people do. But it is not enough. We have to strive that such things happen no more."

Seychelles

Sierra Leone
H.E. Mr. Solomon E. Berewa, President
September 25, 2003

Proliferation: "Two of the most worrying challenges to peace are terrorism and proliferation of arms, including weapons of mass destruction. We unreservedly deplore terrorism in all its forms and manifestation, and re affirm our commitment to resolving differences and conflicts through non-violent means."

SALW: "Of special concern to Sierra Leone is the proliferation of small arms in the West African sub-region. While a multi-prong strategy to rid Sierra Leone of small weapons, including an Arms for Development project, spearheaded by the UNDP, has yielded encouraging and hopeful results, we believe only a concerted regional approach that carries genuine, selfless political will can eliminate this scourge from the region."

Singapore
H.E. Prof. S. Jayakumar, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

International Security: "Today, we are again faced with radically new threats, not least of which is from global terrorist networks that respect neither national boundaries nor traditional international law. Clearly, the UN needs to fashion new and more flexible rules to deal with these new threats. Yet at the same time, we must continue to ensure that there are adequate safeguards to prevent abuse or a return to the law of the jungle."

Slovakia

Slovenia
H.E. Mr. Janez Drnovsek, President
September 26, 2003

Terrorism: "There is no doubt that we can only effectively fight international terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction through the broad cooperation of many countries. The UN played a central role in building an international coalition against terrorism and must continue to play that role.

"As we fight against the universal evil of terrorism we must ensure our eyes remain focused on upholding the great gains of our civilisation. And human rights take pride of place among those achievements. Sometimes we cannot avoid the Hobbesian dilemma between security and freedom. Still, we must be aware that the sacrifice of freedom for security frequently results in achieving neither. We must therefore ensure that international commitments to respect human rights are upheld."

Solomon Islands

South Africa
H.E. Mr. T.M. Mbeki, President
September 23, 2003

International Security: "Matters have evolved in such a manner that, to our limited understanding, it seems extremely difficult to resolve the issue of the role of the United Nations in Iraq, unless we answer the question about the future of the UN as the legitimate expression of the collective will of the peoples of the world, the principal guarantor of international peace and security, among other issues.

"…One of the matters that must be addressed is the issue of the accepted national right to self-defence, and the implications of the exercise of this right in the light of the historic responsibilities of the United Nations to guarantee international peace and security.

"In this regard, all of us face a challenge specific to our times. It arises out of the process of globalisation and the emergence of a global village. These phenomena have, among other things, resulted in the globalisation of the threat to the peace and security of all our states, not necessarily emanating from states that are bound by the rules we must all observe as members of the United Nations."

Terrorism: "The global resolve to defeat such organisations as Al Qaeda has emerged out of our understanding that international aggression should not necessarily be expected to emanate from formal and recognised state institutions.

"Our collective experience, stretching from New York and elsewhere in the United States on September 11, 2001, reaching back to Nairobi and Dar-es-Salaam in Africa earlier still and more recently to Bali in Indonesia, to Morocco, to the conflict between Israel and Palestine, to Algeria, India, Russia and elsewhere, and even our own country, this experience tells us that this organisation, the UN, working in defence of the collective interest of the peoples of the world, must ensure that we act together to defeat the threat of terrorism, collectively defined."

Spain
H.E. Mr. José María, Aznar, President
September 23, 2003

Proliferation: "Terrorists and states violating international law threaten that which we hold dearest: our lives and our liberty. The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction may make them even more lethal."

Terrorism: "We must work hard in our priority areas. Let us block the terrorists' sources of financing, and prevent their access to weapons of mass destruction. The nuclear, chemical and biological disarmament treaties must be put to use for this purpose. To prevent and intercept illegal trafficking in these weapons, a group of countries has implemented the Counter- Proliferation Security Initiative. Our first meeting was held in Madrid last June. You are invited to join us."

Sri Lanka

Sudan
H.E. Dr. Mustafa Osman Ismail, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

Chemical weapons: "Sudan is now a real partner in the international effort aiming at the prohibition of the chemical weapons. One of the significant roles played by the Sudan in this regard was its hosting, last August, of the first conference of the African National Authorities entrusted with the implementation of the Convention of the Prohibition of the Chemical Weapons. Thirty three African countries have participated in the said conference, in addition to other countries parties to the convention like the US, France, Romania and other related organizations headed by the Organization of the Prohibition of the Chemical Weapons…"

Chemical weapon-free zone: "…While assuming this mission, the Sudan reiterates the importance of the implementation of the recommendations adopted by the conference, in particular the one which calls for creating a chemical weapons free african zone, and enhancing the international cooperation regarding the peaceful use of chemical weapons…"

Nuclear Weapons and WMD-free zone: "…I would like to take this opportunity to call upon the international community to exert all efforts to establish a nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction free zone in the middle east, and to compel all the countries of this boiling region to commit themselves to all conventions banning nuclear
proliferation and the danger of nuclear tests. In this regard, we call upon the international community to exercise justice without any exception to any country to subject its nuclear facilities to the IAEA safeguards system…"

Suriname

Swaziland
H.E. Clifford S. Mamba, Ambassador
October 1, 2003

International Disarmament Regime: "…Under the Non Proliferation Treaty on Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (C TBT), we have made significant gains on the issue of nuclear disarmament but these alone cannot eliminate the threat of nuclear weapons. The Kingdom of Swaziland continues to hold the view that the international community must effectively address this matter in order to establish a clear timetable to which all nuclear powers must commit."

Small and light weapons: "In the struggle to outlaw weapons of mass destruction is the urgent need to address the issue of small arms and light weapons which have contributed to conflict and insecurity to many of our countries. Their easy accessibility, fuelled by illicit brokering is a major cause for concern. We appeal to all countries to fully implement the recommendations contained in the program of action adopted by the UN Conference on Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons held New York in 2001, with a view to combat this practice."

Sweden
H.E. Mr. Jan O. Karlsson, Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs and Minister for Development Cooperation, Migration and Asylum Policy of Sweden
September 25, 2003

International security: "We welcome his (Secretary-General’s) intention to establish a High Level Panel to consider threats to our security, and the institutional reforms required for the UN to respond."

Nuclear proliferation: "North Korea has withdrawn from the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty and remains unclear about its intentions. The nuclear programme in Iran, the possession of nuclear weapons by India and Pakistan, and Israel's refusal to sign the NPT continue to cause concern. In several countries nuclear weapons are accorded a growing importance in military doctrines. Discussions in the United States about the creation of a new generation of smaller nuclear arms are worrying. Such weapons would not contribute to a safer world, but risk lowering the threshold for the use of nuclear weapons.

WMD and the New Agenda Coalition: "The threats from weapons of mass destruction can only be met by multilateral efforts.
The negative arms spiral must be reversed. The Non-Proliferation Treaty must be universally complied with. Sweden continues to work for this goal, together with its partners in the New Agenda Coalition.

"The UN has a vital role in the enforcement of existing Weapons of Mass Destruction regimes. It is crucial that the UNMOVIC expertise is retained.

"The European Union has developed a common policy on weapons of mass destruction, and has decided to become more actively engaged in this field.

"We need new ideas on disarmament and non-proliferation, and on how to strengthen existing regimes. To this aim, Sweden has initiated an independent, international commission, chaired by Dr Hans Blix.

"Last June, the General Assembly adopted a forward-looking resolution on the prevention of armed conflict. Sweden will continue to work for a strengthening of the capacity of the UN's practical preventive work."

Switzerland
H.E. Mr. Pascal Couchepin, President
September 23, 2003

Conventional arms: "Together with other countries, Switzerland endeavours to promote this idea of human"security. This year it will commit itself to the issues of small arms and light weapons, and to anti-personnel mines. We hope that the General Assembly will set up a working group to develop an instrument for marking and tracing small arms. If the members states accept, Switzerland is prepared to take the chair. Furthermore, Switzerland takes an active interest in the issue of migration. We are working together with other countries to establish a global commission on migration which will be asked to present recommendations."

International Security: "Member states no longer agree on what they consider to be the principal threats to security today. Nor do they share the same priorities. While some States give precedence to the fight against terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, other regions in the world see the main dangers in civil wars, the proliferation of small arms, poverty, hunger, and the spread of HIV/AIDS. Can the international community reach a consensus on the objectives to be attained and on the way to achieve them? What importance should we give to multilateral co-operation? Has the time come to review the system of collective security which we inherited from the Second World War? Could it be that the UN is due for far-reaching reform?"

Landmines: "Together with other countries, Switzerland endeavours to promote this idea of human security. This year it will commit itself to the issues of small arms and light weapons, and to anti-personnel mines.”

Terrorism: "The time has come to rethink the role of the United Nations. Almost 60 years after the foundation of the Organisation, the threats to international security have changed, and so have the geopolitical realities. Terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction have taken on global dimensions. Civil wars have multiplied. HIV/AIDS has become the most deadly epidemic in the history of humankind. Poverty has not been eradicated."

Syrian Arab Republic
H.E. Farouk Al-Shara’, Minister of Foreign Affairs
September 29, 2003

Elimination of WMD: "However we appeal to the international community to continue to support the Syrian initiative calling for the elimination of all weapons of mass destruction from the ME region."

Nuclear weapons/WMD-free zone: "Also ignored were the repeated appeals by all the countries of the region, with the exception of Israel to make the Middle East region a zone free from all weapons of mass destruction. Syria translated its words into deeds by tabling an integrated draft resolution calling for declaring the Middle East a zone free from all weapons of mass destruction. It is surprising that those who led the campaign against Syria stood in the way of adopting this Syrian initiative."

Proliferation of WMD: "As it is already known, this danger is not confined to a particular region in the world, but could be found in many other regions. What is truly regrettable though is that some quarters selectively choose to level their false accusations at some Arab and Islamic states but not on others, while simultaneously ignoring the Israeli arsenal of weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear, chemical and biological weapons."

Terrorism: "Syria condemned terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. Throughout its membership in the Security Council, it has been supporting the Council's efforts to counter international terrorism. Syria has also acceded to the relevant core international conventions to combat terrorism including the Arab Convention to Combat Terrorism, and the Convention of the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) to Combat Terrorism. Both instruments define the terrorist crime, and distinguish between terrorism and the legitimate right of people under occupation to resist such occupation in accordance with international law and the charter of the United Nations."

Tajikistan
H.E. Mr. Emomali Rakhmonov, President
September 30, 2003

Nonproliferation: "Meanwhile, I would like to join the common concern over increased difficulties related to non-proliferation of such types of weapon in the world, including South Asia. I am convinced that the time has come not to weaken but rather intensify collective efforts and expand disarmament mechanisms."

Terrorism: "It is known that terrorism also poses a threat to democracy. Being for ten years sort of "a buffer zone" for expanding terror in Central Asia and other countries, Tajikistan has first hand experience with this issue. Just for this reason, Tajikistan has been an active participant in all of the measures and efforts aimed at uprooting this evil.

"We are equally resolute in condemning and counteracting all types of terrorism, no matter what motives could be behind the violence and frightening of innocent people. This battle can be won only through united efforts. We should not allow any selectiveness or double standards.

"However, it is known that one cannot curb terrorism only by military methods. It would be equally wrong to believe that this phenomenon is rooted in a single religion or culture. Terrorism does not only accept a democracy. It takes advantage of injustices and people's hurt feelings, of arrogance of some and a feeling of humiliation of others.

"Terrorism shows up in a place where one "absolute truth", in quotation marks, is confronted by another one. And though terrorism has nothing to do with the conflict of civilizations, the extension of a dialogue among civilizations that was begun by the General Assembly in 1998 would contribute to a better mutual understanding, the shortage of which is quite obvious.

"…Due to consolidated efforts, a severe blow was struck at terrorism as an organized phenomenon, but it has not been uprooted as yet. One of the lessons drawn in the course of this battle, in which Tajikistan is an active participant, is that international terrorism does not have an ideology, nor a nation, nor a homeland.

"Yet another thing has become known: terrorism cannot exist without financial and logistical support. It is in this venue that a democracy, besides terror, is faced with another threat, which is no less frightening, that is the threat of narcotics aggression.

"…Recently certain circles of people, using the world mass media, have been attempting to equate such grave threats to the mankind as terrorism and extremism with the holy religion of Islam. Such an interpretation distorts the peaceful essence of Islam and presents this religion to the international community as a source of evil and violence, giving rise to hostility towards the whole Muslim world and, unwillingly, encouraging neo-fascist and chauvinistic trends.

"Once again, we must emphasize that the acts of terror that are taking place in various countries, are the crimes committed by cruel, merciless people, driven by lust for power and personal gains, who essentially have nothing to do with the holy religion of the world's Muslims.

"Humanity should understand that Islam is not a religion of violence, but like the world's other religions calls people for mercy and compassion, for peace and accord."

WMD: "Turning Central Asia into a zone free of weapons of mass destruction is a matter of principle for Tajikistan, and that is why my country approved of the idea of establishing a nuclear free zone in the region."

Thailand
H.E. Mr. Surakiart Sathirathai, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 30, 2003

International Security: "As 'freedom from fear' and 'freedom from want' are the two major components of human security, it is evidently clear that human security cannot be achieved because a country wants to do it all alone. Rather, human security is achieved because all countries decide to do it all together. It is achieved because countries are willing to forge partnership out of their differences to build strength for human security.

"That is why Thailand considers the membership of the Human Security Network an important partnership strength, complementary to the core values of the United Nations for the promotion of peace and security, economic and social development, human rights, humanitarian affairs and international law."

Landmines: "Only two weeks ago, Thailand was proud and honoured to have hosted the Fifth Meeting of the States Parties to the Mine Ban Convention. It was the first time this meeting came to Asia where land mines are threat to the security of hundreds of millions of people. Throughout our presidency of the Convention until the First Review Conference in November 2004, Thailand will do her utmost to ensure much further achievements and considerable progress in the core objectives of the Convention -- mine clearance, victim assistance, stockpile destruction and universal acceptance of the Convention."

Timor-Leste
H.E. Dr. Mari Alkatiri, Prime Minister
September 29, 2003

International Disarmament Regimes: "…Apart from these treaties previously mentioned, we have also ratified others equally important, like the Treaty on the NonProliferation of Nuclear Arms, the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development and Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and Their Destruction, the Convention on the Prohibition for the Use, Stockpiling and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction."

Nuclear Proliferation: "We would like to express our deep concern in relation to the abandonment of the Non-Proliferation Treaty on the part of North Korea and by its stated intention to produce nuclear weapons. North Korea has as its neighbors, three countries, which over the years have demonstrated friendship and solidarity. None of these three countries presents any threat to its security and sovereignty, thus not justifying, the production of nuclear weapons. The world must move towards a global agreement for the destruction of nuclear weapons and not for the increase, proliferation, manufacture and use of these weapons."

Togo
Tonga
His Royal Highness Prince 'Ulukalala Lavaka Ata, Prime Minister
September 26, 2003

Terrorism: "Security Council resolution 1373 continues to be the beacon that guides the activities of my Government to develop and enhance appropriate measures so as to strengthen our compliance. Tonga continues to support the work of the Counter Terrorism Committee (CTC) and has, to date, submitted all the necessary country reports requested of it. I am grateful to the CTC and the Security Council for their patience.

"After careful study of the UN Conventions on Terrorism, Tonga is now a party to all twelve instruments but merely becoming parties to these instruments will not suffice. Concrete steps will continue to be needed for small countries like mine to fully and meaningfully implement these obligations.

"We have strengthened our legislative framework and taken other measures so as to give domestic effect to such obligations. We continue to participate in national and regional activities designed to assist countries such as Tonga implement viable counter terrorism measures. The ongoing assistance of our traditional development partners and other organizations such as the Commonwealth and Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) Secretariat has been a boon in this regard."

Tunisia
H.E. Mr. Habib Ben Yahia, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 26, 2003

International Security: "We are convinced that the deterioration of the situation in the world requires that the international community adopt a comprehensive and multidimensional approach based on the interdependence between peace and security on the one hand, and development on the other. We believe indeed that peace and security could not prevail worldwide unless the development needs of all peoples are addressed. We also recognize that development cannot be achieved in the absence of security and peace for all."

Terrorism: "Tunisia who has succeeded in promoting a secure, stable and well balanced society, in phase with progress and open to modernity and who considers that the well-being of man is the ultimate objective of social and economic development, and on the basis of its own national experience, believes that the fight against extremism and terrorism which constitute a serious threat to the whole world cannot succeed unless it is comprehensive and of multidimensional nature and take into account not only the security dimension but also the need to address the root-causes behind this phenomenon.

"We therefore underline the necessity to work towards developing an international common approach to fight the phenomenon of extremism and terrorism, taking into account all relevant international conventions.

"In this context, and pending the achievement of the desired progress in the adoption of a comprehensive international mechanism to fight terrorism, we would like to reiterate Tunisia's call for the conclusion of a code of conduct to fight terrorism to which all countries would adhere and which will include the principles around which a consensus could be built and could constitute a common denominator in collectively confronting this phenomenon. An international conference could be convened to lay the ground for this code."

Turkey
H.E. Mr. Abdullah Gül, Deputy Prime Minister
September 26, 2003

International Security: "…I should stress that Turkey is determined to remain a major contributor to peace, security and stability in her region and beyond. Turkey follows a multi-dimensional foreign policy that is active in various geographies. We believe in the vital role of the United Nations and its increased relevance in the present international environment, and are committed to promoting the effectiveness of our Organization."

Non-proliferation: "The world needs the elimination of weapons of mass destruction, not their proliferation. The inherent logic of this argument has been recognized by the community of nations that have adhered to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. We strongly support the efforts aimed at increasing the membership to non-proliferation agreements and regimes."

Terrorism: "Terrorism is a crime against humanity. We are dutybound to eradicate this evil from the face of earth."

Turkmenistan

Tuvalu
H.E. The Honourable Saufatu Sopoanga, Prime Minister
September 24, 2003

Radiological materials: "Each year highly radioactive and toxic material passes by ship through the Pacific on its way to and from north Asia and Europe. It is known that some of the materials are weapons grade. We are concerned about these shipments because of the massive threat they pose to the Pacific Ocean - a vital source of our livelihoods and economic development. We would like these shipments to cease, for the sake of lives in the islands and stability of the broader Pacific basin."

Terrorism: "Mr. President, in Tuvalu and the Pacific islands generally, our isolation and fragmentation and our lack of infrastructure and manpower leave us vulnerable to terrorism. This threatens our security, especially the security of our traditional and cultural practices upon which our very existence depends. Likewise it also threatens that of the world. We are therefore grateful for the UN's work on anti-terrorism in collaboration with the Pacific Islands Forum, and directly with national authorities.

"For our part, I am happy to say that Tuvalu is committed to acceding to the UN Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime and Terrorism and its three protocols and the other UN anti terrorism related conventions including, the UN Convention on the Safety of the UN and Associated Personnel. In line with this spirit, we are also committed to regional security arrangements, as set out by the Pacific Islands Forum.

" But to fulfill our international obligations on anti-terrorism, we need technical and financial assistance. More importantly, to strengthen resilience against our vulnerabilities, capacity building through appropriate education and human development is essentially imperative, for which we seek the kind support of the international community."

Uganda
H.E. James Wapakabulo, Second Deputy Prime Minister
October 1, 2003

Terrorism and WMDs: "…Uganda has supported the call for collective action against terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. We have noted the positive developments in the Great Lakes Region and expressed our commitment to building a peaceful and stable region."

Ukraine
H.E. Leonid D. Kuchma, President
September 24, 2003

Non-proliferation: "First of all, I have in mind effective measures to counter the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.

"Ukraine unreservedly stands for comprehensive strengthening of the system of universal international treaties aimed at preventing nuclear threat.

"…There is also a need to further develop and improve the principles and mechanisms of application of international sanctions aimed at curbing the supply of weapons to zones of conflict."

Nuclear Disarmament: "In this context I would like to remind that Ukraine has made a tangible contribution towards a peaceful and safe world in the 21St century by renouncing its nuclear arsenal, one of the most powerful on the planet, and by decommissioning the Chernobyl nuclear power plant."

Terrorism: "Our country joined the anti-terrorist coalition since the very beginning and has made a significant contribution to its activities.

"We are determined to remain in the ranks of the coalition until international terrorism as a global threat can be taken off the world's agenda. However, I believe that today not all has been done to prevent terrorist activities."

United Arab Emirates
H.E. Mr. Rashid Abdullah Al-Noaimi, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 26, 2003

Terrorism: "The United Arab Emirates, which condemns all kinds and forms of terrorism, calls for mobilizing all national, regional and international efforts to combat and eradicate these dangerous phenomena, which is used by radicals and outlaws as means to fulfill their destructive goals…We express our support for all measures it took to eradicate terrorist activities. In the mean time we call the international community to convene an international conference to tackle terrorism and uproot its causes and tools."

WMD and Nonproliferation: "It is required that the Middle East zone, including the Arabic Gulf region, should be freed of weapons of mass destruction, and that Israel joins the Nuclear-Non Proliferation Treaty, and subjects its nuclear facilities to the guards of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) pursuant to relevant United Nations resolutions."

United Kingdom
H.E. Rt. Hon. Jack Straw, Member of Parliament, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
September 25, 2003

Counter-terrorism: "The Counter-Terrorism Committee has given the UN a focus for its work post 11 September. But we must now build upon it, giving it the expertise and the remit to reinforce the capacity of Member States to tackle and to overcome terrorism."

Proliferation: "We all know that proliferation is one of the greatest threats we face. Much good work is being done by UN agencies, particularly the IAEA. But the Security Council itself has not addressed this issue for ten years. It is time that it did."

Security and multilateralism: "We do not have the luxury simply of rejecting unilateralism, while proposing no multilateral means of confronting these threats."

United Republic of Tanzania

United States
H.E. Mr. George W. Bush, President
September 23, 2003

Proliferation of WMD: "A second challenge we must confront together is the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Outlaw regimes that possess nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons- and the means to deliver them- would be able to use blackmail and create chaos in entire regimes.

"...Nations of the world must have the wisdom and the will to stop grave threats before they arrive. One crucial step is to secure the most dangerous materials at their source. For more than a decade, the United States has worked with Russia and other states of the former Soviet Union to dismantle, destroy, or secure weapons and dangerous materials left over from another era. Last year in Canada, the G8 nations agreed to provide up to $20 billion- half of it from the United States- to fight this proliferation risk over the next 10 years. Since then, six additional countries have joined the effort. More are neded, and I urge other nations to help us meet this danger.

"We’re also improving our capability to interdict lethal materials in transit. Through our Proliferation Security Initiative, 11 nations are preparing to search planes and ships, trains and trucks carrying suspect cargo, and to seize weapons or missile shipments that raise proliferation concerns. These nations have agreed on a set of interdiction principles, consistent with legal- current legal authorities. And we’re working to expand the Proliferation Security Initiative to other countries. We’re determined to keep the world’s most destructive weapons away from all our shores, and out of the hands of our common enemies.

"Because proliferators will use any route or channel that is open to them, we need the broadest possible cooperation to stop them. Today I ask the UN Security Council to adopt a new anti-proliferation resolution. This resolution should call on all members of the UN to criminalize the proliferation of weapons- weapons of mass destruction, to enact strict export controls consistent with international standards, and to secure any and all sensitive materials within their own borders."

Uruguay
H.E. Mr. Didier Opertti Badán, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 30, 2003

Multilateralism: "Although it is true that the system of collective security established by the Charter is imperfect not always has been able to respond to crisis in an effective way, in numerous cases a multilateral action undertaken by the United Nations has succeeded in restoring peace in many regions and countries, contributed to the consolidation of democracy, and accelerated reconstruction in affected countries.

"…The second premise is that the process of reform should be aimed principally at strengthening multilateral action because never before has the need to cooperate and to act together to deal with international problems been so great.

"…The question of fulfillment of the obligations assumed is the weak link in the chain of multilateralism. We must seek ways of ensuring respect for international obligations. Over the long term, the satisfaction of common interests is the best way of satisfying the national interest."

Terrorism: "Just as in the fight against poverty, terrorism cannot be defeated as a conventional enemy would be with a victorious battle. The eradication of terrorism is an ongoing objective whose achievement requires time, patience and perseverance. Only through a joint approach and multilateral action directed above all at the roots of terrorism – not only at its atrocious manifestations – will it be possible to reduce and hopefully to eliminate this perverse and ubiquitous enemy and at the very least ensure its total rejection.

"Uruguay, which is party to most international instruments for combating terrorism, attaches priority to the conclusion of a general convention against international terrorism. In this respect, we wish to express our satisfaction to the Secretary-General for having chosen transnational organized crime and terrorism as an item in the signing and accession ceremony for treaties promoted by the Organization on the occasion of this General Debate."

Uzbekistan
H.E. Mr. Sodyq Safaev, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 30, 2003

International Security: "It is well known that after the events of September 11, 2001, the contemporary world has been on the verge of fundamental transformation caused by new challenges and threats to security in many regions of the planet. This harsh reality unequivocally increases the responsibility of the United Nations as a unique international institution whose role cannot be substituted by anyone or anything. It also increases the responsibility of each and every nation to preserve peace and stability in countering the threats to modern civilization like international terrorism, extremism, and the ever-growing scale of drug trafficking.”

Nonproliferation: "Uzbekistan advocates for strict compliance with global nuclear non-proliferation regime by all nations. Today, in our view, the significance of the initiative of Uzbekistan and other countries of the region to establish a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone in Central Asia has become paramount. We greatly appreciate the efforts of Mr. Kofi Annan, the UN Secretary-General and the UN Department for Disarmament in supporting the Expert Group, which is currently working on the draft treaty.

"The process of establishment of the Zone is nearly complete, and to legitimize it, Uzbekistan calls on all permanent UN Security Council members to develop a consolidated position with the region’s states on the provisions of the draft treaty and its protocol."

Terrorism: "Being in immediate proximity to Afghanistan, we - the nations of Central Asia - know firsthand what these threats are and what they can bring to the world, if timely steps are not taken to prevent and eliminate such threats at their very core. In this context, it is difficult to overestimate the significance of actions of the international antiterrorist coalition led by the United States of America and of the International Security Assistance Force, which are doing so much to revive and restore peace and stability in long-suffering Afghanistan.

"…Lessons learned in recent years have confirmed that overcoming the consequences of terrorism and extremism is more difficult than their timely prevention. Moreover, an aggressive drive of terrorists to acquire weapons of mass destruction has become a new reality. International community should confront these far-reaching plans by an effective and streamlined system of measures to prevent access by terrorists to arms, new technologies, and dual use materiel.

"Uzbekistan welcomes the progress made in the development of legal instruments aimed at combating international terrorism. Tangible results, however, can be achieved only by creating a global system of comprehensive cooperation. That is why we support the work of the Counter Terrorism Committee of the UN Security Council. We are confident that Regional Antiterrorism Center of Shanghai Cooperation Organization, opened for collaboration with other similar centers, is an important component of global antiterrorist system.

"To prevent emergence of threats of international terrorism and extremism, it is important to confront international centers of extremism and dissemination of the ideology of fanaticism. These centers, despite current measures to isolate them, still possess substantial financial resources and capacity to influence the hearts and minds of the youth, and to mobilize the youth for their far-reaching objectives.

"In addition to the measures being implemented today, it is desirable to establish a special UN Program that would promote education and awareness in the youth while developing its strong immunity to extremist ideology."

Vanuatu (French Only)
H.E. Rialuth Serge Vohor, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs, External Trade and Telecommunication
October 1, 2003

Nuclear waste: "Malgré l'opposition de la région du Pacifique au transport de déchets nucléaires dans les eaux de la région, certaines puissances font preuve d'une absence totale de respect envers la souveraineté des petits Etats insulaires du Pacifique. Il ne s'agit pas uniquement d'une question d'environnement et de protection de nos ressources naturelles contre toute catastrophe mais bien davantage d'éthique. En d'autre terme, nous déplorons l'absence totale de respect envers les petits Etats insulaires du Pacifique en tant que membre à part entière de la communauté internationale."

Venezuela
H.E. Mr. Roy Chaderton-Matos, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 26, 2003

Multilateralism: "The action taken by Venezuela has been aimed at restoring and promoting multilateralism as a medium and background for the structuring of a multipolar world.

"Unilateralism is monochromatic, sluggish and oppressive. Multilateralism is colorful, animated and democratic."

Terrorism: "Terrorism destroys the life of both innocent humans and combatants. It is a calamity that afflicts family members, friends and nations.

"There is no good terrorism. Not in the name of a race or a nationality. Not in the name of justice or liberty. Not in the name of God.

"Four days ago, on behalf of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, I filed the documents for the ratification of the Convention Against Terrorist Attacks with Bombs, the Convention Against the Financing of Terrorism and the Organizational Protocol for the Convention on the Rights of the Child with regard to the Participation of Children in Armed Conflicts. Yesterday, the Venezuelan Parliament converted the Inter-American Convention against Terrorism into a Law of the Republic. We expect that the ratification procedure will be completed by all O.A.S. members as described above.

"However, we must persevere in our head-on struggle against the most widespread and destructive forms of terrorism: poverty and social disenfranchisement. Otherwise, we shall not be able to realize the objectives of the Millennium Summit Meeting to reduce world poverty 50% by the year 2015, and we shall be defrauding our populations and sowing further conditions for violence, terrorism and war."

Viet Nam
H.E. Mr. Nguyen Dy Nien, Minister for Foreign Affairs
September 26, 2003

Disarmament: "Vietnam supports international efforts for disarmament and for the peaceful resolution of conflicts on the basis of respect for sovereignty and legitimate interests of the parties concerned."

International Security: "Strengthening international peace and security, and enhancing development remain our primary task. Only in an environment of peace and stability can nations concentrate their energy to meet the challenges of development and to achieve poverty eradication. A healthy, equitable international relations can only be built on the principles of the UN Charter and international law, especially those of respect for national independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity, and non interference in the internal affairs of states."

Multilateralism: "Multilateralism is crucial for the solution of the global issues.

"…Today's challenges, old and new, are going global. They require measures of a more global and multilateral nature."

Nuclear Disarmament: "Vietnam supports the peaceful efforts towards denuclearization on the Korean peninsula. We wish that the negotiations initiated by the 6-party talks in Beijing last August will lead to a satisfactory conclusion, for the sake of peace, stability and development on the peninsula, as well as in the region and in the world."

Terrorism: "Following the event of 11 September, the world has made great efforts to combat terrorism. The message is very clear: terrorism must be condemned and eliminated from human civilization. As this common fight can be long and arduous, we need to cooperate on the basis of the principles of the UN Charter, along with an endeavor to solve the problems of poverty, injustice, oppression, etc., which give rise to terrorism."

Zimbabwe
H.E. Mr. Robert Mugabe, Presidents
September 26, 2003

International Security: "Mr. President, there can never be world peace under conditions of foreign invasion and occupation. There can never be world security and order when naked power suspends and substitutes with unilateralism the hallowed principle of multilateralism, on the basis of which we have made peace, kept peace, preserved and expanded it since the Second World War."

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